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Preventing Pressure Injuries in Nursing Home Residents Using a Low-Profile Alternating Pressure Overlay: A

¹Arthur Stone, DPM, is President, MedNexus, Greenville, South Carolina. Acknowledgments: The author thanks the clinical and administrative teams at both study facilities for their time and effort as well as the participants and their families for their patience and support. Dabir Surfaces Inc provided the alternating pressure overlay systems at no cost for the study duration. Dr Stone is a paid consultant for Dabir Surfaces Inc and was compensated for managing the study and preparing this manuscript. The author has disclosed no other financial relationships related to this article. Submitted February 11, 2020; accepted in revised form March 26, 2020.

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|September 17, 2020

Summary

A new alternating pressure (AP) overlay significantly reduced pressure injuries (PIs) in high-risk nursing home residents. This low-profile AP support surface proved more effective than standard prevention programs alone.

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Area of Science:

Gerontology
Nursing Science
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

Pressure injuries (PIs) are a major challenge in skilled nursing facilities, particularly for immobile patients.
Current prevention programs are often hampered by conflicting guidelines and limited effectiveness data for support surfaces.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the effectiveness of a low-profile alternating pressure (AP) support surface in preventing facility-acquired PIs.
To compare PI incidence with standard PI prevention programs in high-risk nursing home residents.

Main Methods:

A prospective, multicenter, observational study was conducted in two US nursing homes.
25 high-risk, bedbound participants (≥20 hours/day) on mechanical ventilation were placed on an AP overlay.
PI incidence was compared to a retrospective baseline of 101 residents.

Main Results:

The AP overlay group showed a significant reduction in PI incidence (0% vs. 21.8%; P < .001).
Participants were highly immobile (80%) and incontinent (100%), with long-term use of the AP overlay (average 140.9 days).

Conclusions:

A low-profile alternating pressure (AP) overlay is highly effective in preventing pressure injuries.
This AP support surface offers superior PI prevention compared to facility-specific programs alone for high-risk, long-term care populations.