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Association Between Arsenic Exposure and Cardiovascular Disease
Mariya Kononenko1, William H Frishman2
1From the Department of Medicine, ICAHN School of Medicine/Mt. Sinai Hospital Center, New York, NY.
Cardiology in Review
|September 17, 2020
Summary
Arsenic exposure, primarily from contaminated water and food, significantly increases cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Further research is needed to fully understand arsenic
Area of Science:
- Environmental Health
- Toxicology
- Cardiovascular Medicine
Background:
- Arsenic is a widespread metalloid linked to numerous adverse health outcomes.
- Human exposure routes include contaminated drinking water and dietary intake (e.g., rice).
- Arsenic exposure poses a significant global public health risk.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and synthesize current evidence on arsenic's role in cardiovascular disease (CVD) development.
- To evaluate the molecular mechanisms underlying arsenic-induced cardiovascular toxicity.
- To identify gaps in research and the need for future studies.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review of retrospective and prospective cohort studies.
- Analysis of existing high-quality evidence.
- Evaluation of proposed molecular mechanisms.
Main Results:
- Both high and low-to-moderate arsenic exposure levels are associated with increased CVD risk.
- Potential molecular mechanisms include epigenetic alterations, enhanced platelet aggregation, and increased oxidative stress.
- Strong epidemiological evidence supports the link between arsenic and CVD.
Conclusions:
- Arsenic exposure is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
- Understanding the precise molecular pathways is crucial for developing targeted interventions.
- Further research, including randomized controlled trials, is warranted to confirm causality and guide public health strategies.
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