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Three-dimensional Imaging and Analysis of Mitochondria within Human Intraepidermal Nerve Fibers
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Mitochondrial Protrusions in Neuronal Cells.

Pamela J Yao1, Erden Eren1, Ronald S Petralia2

  • 1Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, NIA/NIH Biomedical Research Center, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.

Iscience
|September 17, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mitochondrial protrusions and vesicles, key to cell quality control, were observed in neurons across species. Mild cellular stress increased their numbers, suggesting a role in cellular response.

Keywords:
Cell BiologyNeuroscienceOptical ImagingStructural Biology

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Mitochondrial Biology

Background:

  • Mitochondrial function is crucial for cellular health.
  • Quality control mechanisms, including vesicle release, maintain mitochondrial integrity.
  • Mitochondrial protrusions and vesicles are implicated in cellular processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the ultrastructure and prevalence of mitochondrial membranous protrusions and vesicles in neurons.
  • To determine if cellular stress affects the abundance of these structures.

Main Methods:

  • Transmission electron microscopy (EM) was used to survey mitochondria in rat and planarian brains.
  • 3D EM datasets were leveraged for high-resolution analysis in mouse and Drosophila brains.
  • Confocal microscopy with Airyscan was employed to examine stress responses in neurons with fluorescently tagged mitochondria.

Main Results:

  • Mitochondrial protrusions were predominantly observed extending from the outer mitochondrial membrane.
  • High-resolution spatial views of protrusions in neuronal mitochondria were obtained.
  • Mild cellular stress led to an increased number of mitochondrial protrusions and vesicles.

Conclusions:

  • Mitochondrial protrusions and vesicles are present in neuronal mitochondria across diverse species.
  • These structures appear to increase in abundance under mild cellular stress.
  • Further research with enhanced spatial and temporal resolution is needed to elucidate their functional significance in neurons.