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Coronavirus infection in neonates: a systematic review
Daniele Trevisanuto1, Francesco Cavallin2, Maria Elena Cavicchiolo3
1Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy daniele.trevisanuto@gmail.com.
Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition
|September 18, 2020
Summary
Most newborns with SARS-CoV-2 infection show mild symptoms or are asymptomatic, with a good prognosis. Further research is needed to fully understand the impact of this novel coronavirus on neonates.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal Medicine
- Infectious Diseases
- Virology
Background:
- The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 has raised concerns about its impact on vulnerable populations, including neonates.
- Understanding the clinical presentation and outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection in newborns is crucial for effective management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize current knowledge on neonatal cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
- To analyze the characteristics, symptoms, and prognosis of infected newborns.
Main Methods:
- A systematic literature search was conducted across multiple databases for studies published between December 2019 and May 2020.
- Included studies comprised observational data (case reports and case series) on newborns with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection.
- Study quality was assessed using a standardized tool.
Main Results:
- Forty-four newborns from 26 observational studies were analyzed, primarily from China and Italy.
- Half of the neonates had a history of maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection; one-third were admitted from home.
- Common symptoms included mild respiratory or gastrointestinal issues, with one-quarter of cases being asymptomatic. Most neonates received supportive care and had a good prognosis.
Conclusions:
- Neonatal SARS-CoV-2 infection typically presents with asymptomatic or mild symptoms, good prognosis, and requires minimal respiratory support.
- Larger cohort studies and collaborative networks are essential to deepen the understanding of SARS-CoV-2's effects on neonates.
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