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Computerized Navigation: A Useful Tool in Total Knee Replacement.

Oystein Gothesen^1,2, Oystein Skaden¹, Gro S Dyrhovden^2,3

¹Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Haugesund, Norway.

JBJS Essential Surgical Techniques

|September 18, 2020

Summary

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Computer-assisted total knee replacement enhances implant alignment and positioning, proving safe and accurate, especially for complex anatomies. This technology aids surgeons in achieving optimal results for patients undergoing knee surgery.

Area of Science:

Orthopedic Surgery
Medical Technology
Surgical Navigation

Background:

Traditional knee replacement relies on intramedullary rods for guidance.
Computer navigation significantly improves implant alignment and positioning accuracy.
It facilitates management of abnormal anatomy, deformities, and prior fractures.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the use of computer assistance in total knee replacement.
To achieve optimal implant alignment, size, and positioning.
To assess the safety and accuracy of computer-assisted navigation.

Main Methods:

Utilizes real-time surgical navigation with infrared optical tracking arrays.
Combines 'measured resection' and 'gap balancing' techniques.

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Involves preoperative planning, landmark registration, and navigated cutting block placement.

Main Results:

Computer-assisted navigation offers improved precision and accuracy in total knee replacement.
The method is deemed safe and accurate, particularly for abnormal anatomy.
While precision is enhanced, clinical relevance for functional outcomes and implant longevity requires further proof.

Conclusions:

Computer-assisted navigation is a valuable tool for optimizing total knee replacement precision.
It provides accurate guidance for implant placement, especially in challenging cases.
Further research is needed to confirm its impact on long-term functional outcomes and implant survival.