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Related Concept Videos

Trihybrid Crosses02:27

Trihybrid Crosses

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Trihybrid Crosses
Some of Mendel’s crosses examined three pairs of contrasting characteristics. Such a cross is called a trihybrid cross. A trihybrid cross is a combination of three individual monohybrid crosses. For example, plant height (tall vs. short), seed shape (round vs. wrinkled), and seed color (yellow vs. green).
The F1 generation plants of a trihybrid cross are heterozygous for all three traits and produce eight gametes. Upon self-fertilization, these gametes have an equal...
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Heritability01:06

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Heritability is a statistical concept that measures the degree to which genetic differences among individuals contribute to trait variations within a population. It is a fundamental idea in genetics, often prone to misinterpretation. Heritability is expressed as a percentage, reflecting the proportion of variation in a specific trait across a population that can be linked to genetic differences. However, it's important to understand that heritability does not determine how "genetic"...
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Updated: Dec 8, 2025

Relating Stomatal Conductance to Leaf Functional Traits
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Published on: October 12, 2015

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Herbarium-based measurements reliably estimate three functional traits.

Timothy M Perez1,2, Jessica Rodriguez3, J Mason Heberling4

  • 1Department of Biology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA.

American Journal of Botany
|September 18, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Herbarium specimens offer valuable plant trait data but may require corrections due to shrinkage. This research validates using dried specimens for specific leaf area, wood gravity, and leaf thickness measurements.

Keywords:
climate changefunctional traitsleaf thicknessmuseumplant ecologyplant physiologyshrinkagespecific leaf areawood specific gravity

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Botany
  • Conservation Biology

Background:

  • Global plant trait databases are crucial for understanding plant functional diversity.
  • Existing databases suffer from geographic and taxonomic biases, limiting comprehensive analysis.
  • Herbarium specimens offer a potential solution to fill data gaps across space and time.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the reliability of functional trait measurements derived from herbarium specimens.
  • To compare trait values from dried herbarium samples with those from fresh plant tissues.
  • To evaluate three key traits: specific leaf area (SLA), branch wood specific gravity, and leaf thickness.

Main Methods:

  • Collected fresh leaves and branches from cultivated plant species.
  • Measured SLA, wood specific gravity, and leaf thickness using standard protocols.
  • Compared fresh measurements with those obtained from plant tissues dried using standard herbarium protocols.

Main Results:

  • Herbarium-derived trait measurements showed high correlations with fresh tissue measurements (SLA: R² = 0.72-0.97; wood gravity: R² = 0.74-0.75; leaf thickness: R² = 0.96).
  • Biases were detected in herbarium-derived estimates for SLA and wood specific gravity, indicated by deviations from linear model coefficients of 1.
  • Leaf thickness measurements from dried specimens were reliable without correction.

Conclusions:

  • Herbarium-derived traits can significantly expand the scope of global trait databases.
  • Tissue shrinkage in herbarium specimens necessitates correction factors for accurate use of SLA and wood gravity data.
  • Despite limitations, herbarium specimens are a vital resource for ecological and evolutionary research.