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Ocular Tuberculosis: More than 'Of Mice and Men'
Jordan L Mitchell1, Laura Ganis2, Benjamin T Blacklock1
1Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, UK.
Abstract:
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by infection with members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis-complex, is one of the oldest known infectious disease entities, resulting in the death of millions of humans each year. It also results in a substantial degree of morbidity and mortality in animal species. Extrapulmonary TB is well recognized in humans, and the eye is one site that can be affected. Studies seeking to understand ocular TB have often relied on animal models; however, these have their limitations and may not truly reflect what happens in humans. We wish to raise awareness among ophthalmologists and vision scientists of naturally occurring cases of ocular TB in animals, namely cattle and domestic cats, and the possibilities of gaining further understanding of this presentation of TB by adopting a collaborative approach. This will hopefully improve outcomes for both human and animal patients.
Insights
Tuberculosis (TB) affects millions globally and can impact the eye. Studying naturally occurring animal cases, like in cattle and cats, can improve understanding and outcomes for both human and animal patients.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Ophthalmology
- Infectious Diseases
- Comparative Pathology
Background:
- Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, causing millions of deaths annually.
- Extrapulmonary TB, including ocular manifestations, is documented in humans.
- Existing animal models for ocular TB research have limitations in reflecting human disease.
Purpose of the Study:
- To increase awareness among ophthalmologists and vision scientists about naturally occurring ocular TB in animals.
- To highlight the potential of studying ocular TB in cattle and domestic cats.
- To advocate for a collaborative approach to enhance understanding of ocular TB.
Main Methods:
- Review of naturally occurring cases of ocular TB in veterinary patients.
- Comparative analysis of clinical presentations and potential etiological factors.
- Exploration of collaborative research opportunities between human and veterinary medicine.
Main Results:
- Ocular TB occurs naturally in animal species, including cattle and domestic cats.
- These naturally occurring cases offer valuable insights into the pathogenesis and clinical features of ocular TB.
- Collaboration can bridge knowledge gaps between human and animal ocular TB.
Conclusions:
- Naturally occurring ocular TB in animals presents a valuable, underutilized resource for research.
- A One Health approach, integrating veterinary and human ophthalmology, can advance understanding and treatment of ocular TB.
- Further research and collaboration are essential to improve patient outcomes for both humans and animals affected by ocular TB.
