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Chromatographic Methods: Classification01:12

Chromatographic Methods: Classification

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Chromatographic techniques are classified in three ways: the classification is based on the physical state of the stationary and mobile phases, how the mobile phase and the stationary phase contact each other, or through the chemical or physical processes that isolate the components of the sample. Typically, the mobile phase is either a liquid or gas, while the stationary phase is either a solid or a liquid layer applied to a solid surface.
Chromatographic techniques are typically named by...
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In certain chromatographic separations, solutes transfer between the mobile phase and the stationary phase via sorption, which typically refers to the process of adsorption. For many chromatographic systems, the sorption process often depends on the polarity of the compounds—an expression of the overall dipole moment within the molecule. During the separation process, there is competition between the solute and solvent for adsorption to the stationary phase. Highly polar compounds and...
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Chromatography: Introduction01:10

Chromatography: Introduction

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Chromatography is a technique used to separate compounds based on differences of partitioning between two phases, the stationary phase and the mobile phase.
The phase in which the compounds linger or on which the compounds adsorb is called the stationary phase, whereas the mobile phase is the solvent that carries the solutes to be analyzed. In traditional column chromatography, the mixture flows through the stationary phase, and the compounds partition between the stationary and mobile phases...
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Heating and Cooling Curves

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When a substance—isolated from its environment—is subjected to heat changes, corresponding changes in temperature and phase of the substance is observed; this is graphically represented by heating and cooling curves.
For instance, the addition of heat raises the temperature of a solid; the amount of heat absorbed depends on the heat capacity of the solid (q = mcsolidΔT). According to thermochemistry, the relation between the amount of heat absorbed or released by a substance, q, and its...
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pV-Diagrams01:18

pV-Diagrams

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The pV diagram, which is a graph of pressure versus volume of the gas under study, is helpful in describing certain aspects of the substance. When the substance behaves like an ideal gas, the ideal gas equation describes the relationship between its pressure and volume. On a pV diagram, it is common to plot an isotherm, which is a curve showing p as a function of V with the number of molecules and the temperature fixed. Then, for an ideal gas, the product of the pressure of the gas and its...
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Absorption of Radiation

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The rate of heat transfer by emitted radiation is described by the Stefan-Boltzmann law of radiation:
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Adsorption isotherm models: Classification, physical meaning, application and solving method.

Jianlong Wang1, Xuan Guo2

  • 1Laboratory of Environmental Technology, INET, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Radioactive Waste Treatment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China.

Chemosphere
|September 19, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study systematically analyzes adsorption isotherm models, crucial for environmental remediation. A user-friendly interface is provided to aid in selecting and applying these models for adsorption system design.

Keywords:
AdsorptionIsotherm modelsPhysical meaningSolving methodUser interface

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Adsorption is a cost-effective and efficient separation technique widely used in environmental remediation.
  • Adsorption isotherm models are essential for understanding adsorption mechanisms and designing effective adsorption systems.
  • A systematic analysis of adsorption isotherm classification, physical meaning, application, and solution methods is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically classify and analyze various adsorption isotherm models.
  • To elucidate the derivation, physical meaning, and application of different isotherm models.
  • To provide a practical tool for modeling adsorption equilibrium data.

Main Methods:

  • Classification of adsorption isotherms into empirical, Polanyi's theory-based, chemical, physical, and ion exchange models.
  • Detailed discussion on the derivation and physical interpretation of each model.
  • Analysis of model applications using over 200 literature adsorption equilibrium datasets.
  • Evaluation of statistical parameters for model fitness assessment.
  • Development of an Excel-based user interface for solving isotherm models.

Main Results:

  • A comprehensive classification of adsorption isotherm models was established.
  • The physical meaning and applicability of various models were clarified.
  • An accessible Excel-based tool was developed for practical application in modeling adsorption data.

Conclusions:

  • This work provides a theoretical foundation and practical methodology for selecting and utilizing adsorption isotherm models.
  • The developed user interface simplifies the process of modeling adsorption equilibrium data, aiding researchers and engineers.
  • The systematic analysis enhances the understanding and application of adsorption phenomena in environmental remediation and other fields.