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Radiation and filtration are essential tools for microbial control, targeting microorganisms through distinct mechanisms. Radiation eliminates microbes by damaging their DNA, either killing them or inhibiting their growth. Based on wavelength, radiation is classified into two types: nonionizing and ionizing radiation.Non-ionizing radiation, such as UV radiation (200–400 nm), is absorbed by DNA, causing defects that effectively disinfect surfaces, air, and water, including safety cabinets.
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Electric-field enhanced microalgae inactivation using a flow-through copper ionization cell.

Peirui Liu1, Jianfeng Zhou2, Yu Hong3

  • 1Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, PR China; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, United States.

Journal of Hazardous Materials
|September 19, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel copper ionization cell (CIC) effectively inactivates harmful algae like Chlorella vulgaris and Microcystis aeruginosa. This method offers an environmentally friendly and cost-effective solution for managing algal blooms with reduced copper release.

Keywords:
Copper ionizationElectric field treatmentMicroalgae bloom control

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Aquatic Ecology
  • Water Treatment Technologies

Background:

  • Copper (Cu) is widely used to control algal blooms but poses environmental and health risks due to its release.
  • There is a need for efficient methods to reduce copper concentrations while enhancing algicidal effectiveness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and evaluate a copper ionization cell (CIC) for in-situ copper release to inactivate bloom-forming microalgae.
  • To assess the effectiveness of CIC treatment on Chlorella vulgaris and Microcystis aeruginosa growth and physiological parameters.
  • To determine the environmental and economic viability of the CIC method.

Main Methods:

  • A flow-through system incorporating a CIC was used to treat water containing Chlorella vulgaris and Microcystis aeruginosa.
  • Algal inactivation was assessed by measuring growth inhibition and maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm).
  • Effluent copper concentrations and energy consumption were quantified.

Main Results:

  • CIC treatment achieved significant growth inhibition: 98.5% for C. vulgaris and 75.9% for M. aeruginosa at 5 mL/min flow rate.
  • Maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm) inhibitions were 37.0% for C. vulgaris and 70.9% for M. aeruginosa.
  • The energy consumption was low at 16.8 J/L, indicating cost-effectiveness.

Conclusions:

  • In-situ copper release via CIC provides efficient microalgae inactivation by increasing cell membrane permeability.
  • The CIC method offers a more environmentally friendly and cost-effective approach to managing algal blooms compared to traditional copper treatments.