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Evaluating Serum Heat Shock Protein Levels as Novel Biomarkers for Atrial Fibrillation

Denise M S van Marion1, Eva A H Lanters2, Kennedy S Ramos1,2

  • 1Department of Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije University, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Cells
|September 19, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Heat shock proteins (HSP) do not stage atrial fibrillation (AF) or predict recurrence. However, elevated HSP27 levels after pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) may indicate future AF recurrence in patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Biomarkers
  • Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Atrial fibrillation (AF) staging is crucial for understanding disease progression and treatment outcomes.
  • Blood-based heat shock protein (HSP) levels are investigated as potential biomarkers for AF staging and predicting recurrence.
  • Identifying patients at higher risk for AF recurrence post-treatment is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the relationship between serum HSP levels and the presence/stage of AF.
  • To assess the correlation between serum HSP levels and AF recurrence after electrocardioversion (ECV) or pulmonary vein isolation (PVI).
  • To determine if HSP levels can predict AF recurrence post-ablation.

Main Methods:

  • Serum samples were collected from 297 participants (98 controls, 199 AF patients) undergoing ECV or PVI.
  • Levels of HSP27, HSP70, cardiovascular (cv)HSP, and HSP60 were measured pre-intervention and at 3, 6, and 12 months post-PVI.
  • Statistical analyses were performed to compare HSP levels across AF stages and correlate them with recurrence.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in baseline HSP levels were found between control and AF patients across different stages (PAF, PeAF, LSPeAF).
  • Baseline HSP levels did not correlate with AF recurrence following ECV or PVI.
  • In patients experiencing AF recurrence post-PVI, HSP27 levels were significantly elevated compared to baseline, unlike in non-recurrent cases.

Conclusions:

  • Baseline serum HSP levels do not appear to be associated with AF presence, stage, or recurrence risk.
  • Elevated HSP27 levels post-PVI may serve as a predictive marker for AF recurrence within one year of ablative therapy.
  • Further research into HSP27's role in post-ablation AF recurrence is warranted.

Keywords:
atrial fibrillationbiomarkerselectrical cardioversionheat shock proteinpulmonary vein isolation

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