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Related Concept Videos

Gross Anatomy of Bone01:17

Gross Anatomy of Bone

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The two main features of a long bone are the diaphysis and the epiphysis.
The diaphysis is the tubular shaft that runs between the proximal and distal ends of the bone. The walls of the diaphysis are composed of dense and hard compact bone made of numerous osteons — the functional unit of the compact bone. The hollow region in the diaphysis is called the medullary cavity, which harbors the bone marrow. In infants and children, this marrow cavity is filled with red marrow, whereas in...
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Bone Structure01:55

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Within the skeletal system, the structure of a bone, or osseous tissue, can be exemplified in a long bone, like the femur, where there are two types of osseous tissue: cortical and cancellous.
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Compact Bone01:27

Compact Bone

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Most bones contain compact and spongy osseous tissue, but their distribution and concentration vary based on the bone's overall function.
Compact bone, also called cortical bone, is the denser, stronger of the two types of bone tissue. It is found under the periosteum and in the diaphyses of long bones, where it provides support and protection. The microscopic structural unit of compact bone is called an osteon, or haversian system. Each osteon is composed of concentric rings of calcified...
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Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Growth of Cartilage and Bone Tissue01:27

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Chondrocytes form a temporary cartilaginous model by dividing and secreting a thick gel-like extracellular matrix. Once the chondrocytes undergo programmed cell death, osteoblasts enter the site of the cartilaginous model. The process of replacing the temporary cartilaginous model with bone in an ordered manner is called endochondral ossification. In endochondral ossification, not all of the cartilage is replaced by bone tissue. Some cartilage that performs a protective and supportive function...
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Spongy Bone01:09

Spongy Bone

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All bones comprise an outer layer of compact bone, and an interior made up of spongy bone tissue, also called cancellous or trabecular bone. In long bones, spongy bone tissue is mainly found in the interior of the epiphyses (broad ends of the bone).
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 8, 2025

Author Spotlight: An Economic and Efficient Method for Quantitative Evaluation of Bone Microarchitecture in a Murine Osteoporosis Model
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Author Spotlight: An Economic and Efficient Method for Quantitative Evaluation of Bone Microarchitecture in a Murine Osteoporosis Model

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Adiposity and bone microarchitecture in the GLOW study.

A E Litwic1,2, L D Westbury1, K Ward1

  • 1MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.

Osteoporosis International : a Journal Established As Result of Cooperation Between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA
|September 19, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Higher body mass index (BMI) in postmenopausal women is linked to better bone microarchitecture, but these benefits diminish when adjusted for body weight, suggesting weight, not just fat mass, is key for bone health.

Keywords:
AdiposityBMIDXAEpidemiologyHRpQCTOsteoporosis

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Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts
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Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

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Area of Science:

  • Bone biology and osteoporosis research.
  • Gerontology and women's health.

Background:

  • Low body mass index (BMI) is a known fracture risk factor in postmenopausal women.
  • The relationship between obesity, bone microarchitecture, and fracture risk requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate bone microarchitecture in relation to fat mass.
  • To analyze areal bone mineral density (aBMD) and microarchitecture across different BMI categories in postmenopausal women.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from 491 postmenopausal women in the Global Longitudinal Study of Osteoporosis in Women (UK arm).
  • Employed high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HRpQCT) and DXA scans.
  • Analyzed bone parameters in relation to BMI categories and fat mass index (FMI) residuals.

Main Results:

  • Increasing BMI correlated with improved aBMD and bone microarchitecture parameters (cortical and trabecular) at the radius and tibia.
  • These favorable microarchitectural changes were not proportional to increased body weight.
  • Fat mass index residuals were associated with bone size and trabecular architecture.

Conclusions:

  • While higher BMI shows associations with favorable bone microarchitecture in postmenopausal women, these effects are weight-dependent.
  • Bone microarchitecture improvements with increasing BMI are not solely attributable to fat mass when normalized for body weight.