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Related Concept Videos

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

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The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the...
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Knee Joint01:23

Knee Joint

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The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 8, 2025

Three-Dimensional Preoperative Virtual Planning in Derotational Proximal Femoral Osteotomy
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Femoral derotation osteotomy for recurrent patellar dislocation.

Gengshuang Tian1, Guangmin Yang1, Lixiong Zuo1

  • 1Department of Joint Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, China.

Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery
|September 19, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Femoral derotation osteotomy effectively treats recurrent patellar dislocation by improving tibial tubercle trochlear groove (TTTG) distance and patellar tilt angle (PTA), leading to better knee function.

Keywords:
Derotational osteotomyFemoral internal torsionPatellar dislocationPatellar tiltTTTG

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Treatment of Osteochondral Defects in the Rabbit's Knee Joint by Implantation of Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Fibrin Clots
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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic surgery
  • Biomechanical analysis of the knee joint
  • Patellofemoral instability research

Background:

  • Excessive femoral internal torsion is a key risk factor for recurrent patellar dislocation.
  • Understanding the biomechanical relationship between femoral torsion and patellar tracking is crucial for effective treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of femoral derotation osteotomy on the tibial tubercle trochlear groove (TTTG) distance and patellar tilt angle (PTA).
  • To assess the clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction following femoral derotation osteotomy for recurrent patellar dislocation.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 16 patients (17 knees) undergoing supracondylar femoral derotation osteotomy.
  • Pre- and post-operative assessment of TTTG distance and PTA using CT scans.
  • Evaluation of knee function using IKDC, Kujala, Lysholm scores, and VAS pain scores.

Main Results:

  • Femoral derotation osteotomy significantly improved knee function scores (IKDC, Kujala, Lysholm, VAS).
  • The procedure led to a statistically significant reduction in both TTTG distance and PTA.
  • No patellar dislocations recurred during the average follow-up period of 26.5 months.

Conclusions:

  • Femoral derotation osteotomy is an effective surgical option for managing recurrent patellar dislocation.
  • The procedure positively influences key patellofemoral alignment parameters (TTTG and PTA).
  • Improved knee function and reduced pain are significant clinical benefits observed post-surgery.