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Clinical outcomes of patients with COVID-19 and HIV coinfection

Sandhya R Nagarakanti1, Alexis K Okoh1, Sagy Grinberg1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Newark Beth Israel Medical Center, Newark, New Jersey, USA.

Journal of Medical Virology
|September 19, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) showed no increased risk for mortality or severe outcomes. Outcomes for HIV patients were comparable to a matched control group of COVID-19 patients without HIV.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection may face higher risks of severe outcomes from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
  • Understanding the clinical course of COVID-19 in HIV-infected individuals is crucial for patient management and public health strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the clinical outcomes of patients with HIV who were hospitalized for COVID-19 against a matched control group of non-HIV patients with COVID-19.
  • To assess differences in mortality, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and mechanical ventilation rates between these two groups.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 23 HIV patients hospitalized with COVID-19 between March and April 2020.
  • A propensity score-matched control group of 23 non-HIV patients with COVID-19 was identified for comparison.
  • Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and log-rank tests were used to compare in-hospital survival.

Main Results:

  • Among 23 HIV patients hospitalized with COVID-19, in-hospital death occurred in 13%, ICU admission in 9%, and mechanical ventilation in 9%.
  • HIV infection was well-controlled in most patients; those with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) were discharged without complications.
  • Survival rates were comparable between the HIV cohort and the matched control group in both pre- and post-match analyses.

Conclusions:

  • Hospitalized HIV patients with COVID-19 did not experience higher mortality, ICU admission, or mechanical ventilation rates compared to matched non-HIV controls.
  • These findings suggest that with effective management, HIV infection may not significantly worsen COVID-19 outcomes.
Abstract

Keywords:
AIDSSARS-CoV-2in-patients

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