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Genetic variants and expression changes in urgency urinary incontinence: A systematic review
Wilke M Post1, Alejandra M Ruiz-Zapata1, Hilde Grens1
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Neurourology and Urodynamics
|September 19, 2020
Summary
This systematic review identifies signal transduction and inflammation as key molecular mechanisms in urgency urinary incontinence (UUI). Increased urinary nerve growth factor (NGF) also correlates with UUI, though most studies had high bias.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
- Urology
Background:
- Urgency urinary incontinence (UUI) is a prevalent condition with complex pathophysiology.
- Understanding the molecular underpinnings of UUI is crucial for developing effective treatments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review genetic variants, gene, and protein expression changes associated with UUI in humans and animals.
- To elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved in UUI pathophysiology.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search across major databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library).
- Screening of 10,785 records, with 37 studies meeting inclusion criteria.
- Risk of bias assessment using ROBINS-I and SYRCLE tools; meta-analysis performed where applicable.
Main Results:
- Analysis of 70 genes/proteins and three genome-wide association studies revealed associations between UUI and signal transduction pathways, as well as inflammation.
- Meta-analysis indicated that elevated urinary nerve growth factor (NGF) levels correlate with UUI.
- A significant proportion (24/37) of included studies exhibited medium-high to high risk of bias.
Conclusions:
- Signal transduction, inflammation, and NGF are implicated in UUI pathophysiology.
- The high risk of bias in most studies limits the certainty of findings.
- Future research should prioritize unbiased studies to clarify the role of identified molecular mechanisms in UUI.
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