[Diagnostic strategy in pediatrics soft tissue sarcomas].

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Oncology
• Diagnostic Imaging
• Molecular Pathology

Background:

• Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) constitute 6-7% of childhood cancers, predominantly sporadic.
• Rhabdomyosarcomas account for half of pediatric STS; the remainder form a heterogeneous group.
• Clinical presentation as a soft tissue mass often mimics benign conditions, complicating initial diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide an updated overview of the optimal diagnostic pathway for pediatric soft tissue masses.
• To highlight the importance of integrated diagnostic approaches, including molecular testing.
• To emphasize the impact of timely and accurate diagnosis on patient prognosis.

Main Methods:

• Review of current diagnostic strategies for pediatric soft tissue sarcomas.
• Emphasis on the role of imaging modalities such as ultrasound and MRI.
• Discussion of histopathological analysis and the integration of molecular tests.

Main Results:

• Inappropriate initial work-up significantly impacts STS prognosis.
• Imaging plays a crucial role in identifying potential malignant origins but has limitations.
• Histological and molecular analyses are essential for definitive diagnosis and subtyping.

Conclusions:

• An adapted diagnostic pathway is critical for managing pediatric soft tissue sarcomas.
• Combining advanced imaging with precise histopathological and molecular evaluations improves diagnostic accuracy.
• Early and accurate diagnosis is paramount for effective treatment and improved outcomes in pediatric STS.