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Factors Associated with Good Patient Outcomes Following Convalescent Plasma in COVID-19: A Prospective Phase II

Danyal Ibrahim1, Latha Dulipsingh2, Lisa Zapatka3

  • 1Trinity Health of New England, Hartford, CT, USA. dibrahim@trinityhealthofne.org.

Infectious Diseases and Therapy
|September 20, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Early administration of convalescent plasma for COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) in severe or critical patients shows potential for improved survival and recovery. This treatment appears safe, with few adverse events observed in the study.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, has led to a global health crisis with high mortality.
  • No established cure or standard treatment currently exists for COVID-19.
  • This study investigated convalescent plasma as a potential therapeutic option for hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the safety and efficacy of convalescent plasma in hospitalized patients with severe or critical COVID-19.
  • To evaluate the impact of convalescent plasma on adverse events and hospital mortality.
  • To explore secondary outcomes such as disease progression, recovery rates, and length of hospital stay.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective, single-arm, open-label, phase II clinical trial was conducted.
  • Convalescent plasma with a specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG titer (1:320) was administered to adult patients.
  • Primary endpoints included adverse events and hospital mortality; secondary endpoints focused on clinical recovery and hospital stay duration.

Main Results:

  • Of 38 patients, 24 (63%) recovered and were discharged; 14 (37%) died.
  • Patients receiving convalescent plasma early (severe illness) had significantly lower mortality (13% vs. 55%) and shorter hospital stays (15.4 vs. 33 days) compared to those treated later (critical illness).
  • One transient transfusion reaction occurred; no other adverse effects were noted.

Conclusions:

  • Convalescent plasma with adequate antibody titers is safe for treating COVID-19.
  • Early administration of convalescent plasma may positively impact clinical outcomes, including recovery and survival.
  • Further research is warranted to confirm these findings and optimize treatment protocols.
Abstract

Keywords:
Adult respiratory distress syndromeCOVID-19COVID-19 serotherapyHospital mortalityLength of stayPhase II clinical trialPlasmaProspective studiesSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2Ventilation

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