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Elevated temperature and waterlogging decrease cottonseed quality by altering the accumulation and distribution of

Bingjie Xu1, Yinglong Chen1, Haimiao Wang1

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Physiologia Plantarum
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PubMed
Summary

Combined heat and waterlogging stresses significantly reduce cottonseed oil and carbohydrate accumulation. Elevated temperature initially boosts protein but prolonged waterlogging decreases both oil and protein content.

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Plant Physiology
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Simultaneous soil waterlogging and high-temperature events are increasing in China's Yangtze River basin cotton belt.
  • These combined stresses negatively impact cottonseed development and quality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of combined elevated temperature (ET) and waterlogging on cottonseed biochemical composition.
  • To analyze the impact on oil, protein, and carbohydrate accumulation during flowering and boll development.

Main Methods:

  • Cottonseed was subjected to elevated temperature (34.1/29.0°C) and waterlogging (3 or 6 days).
  • Biomass, oil, protein, and carbohydrate accumulation were quantified.
  • Enzyme activities (PEPC, G6PDH) and nutrient ratios were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Combined stresses reduced cottonseed biomass more significantly under waterlogging.
  • Carbohydrate and oil accumulation were significantly limited by combined waterlogging and ET.
  • Elevated temperature initially increased protein but prolonged waterlogging decreased both oil and protein by limiting carbon flux and NADPH supply.
  • Enzyme activities of PEPC and G6PDH were reduced, with PEPC activity correlating more with protein content.
  • Combined stresses lowered unsaturated fatty acid/saturated fatty acid and essential amino acid/non-essential amino acid ratios.

Conclusions:

  • Combined elevated temperature and waterlogging severely impair cottonseed quality by limiting key nutrient accumulation.
  • Decreased enzyme activities (PEPC, G6PDH) are key mechanisms behind reduced oil and protein.
  • Findings provide theoretical support for assessing climate change impacts on cotton production and developing cultivation strategies.