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Calcium-Scoring CT ScanA calcium-scoring CT scan, also known as coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan, detects calcium deposits in the coronary arteries. This test assesses the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), which can lead to cardiovascular events such as angina, heart failure, and sudden cardiac arrest.A calcium-scoring CT scan is generally recommended for individuals at intermediate risk of CAD without symptoms. It includes:Men aged 40-75 and women aged 50-75: Especially those with a...
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Related Experiment Video

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Author Spotlight: Enhanced Quantification of Cardiovascular Calcification Progression for Longitudinal Micro PET/CT Studies in Small Research Animals
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Diffuse Subamniotic Calcification: A Novel Pattern of Placental Calcification.

Erik W Nohr1, James R Wright1

  • 1Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Alberta Precision Laboratories, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Pediatric and Developmental Pathology : the Official Journal of the Society for Pediatric Pathology and the Paediatric Pathology Society
|September 21, 2020
PubMed
Summary

A novel placental calcification pattern was found in a fetus with chronic histiocytic intervillositis (CHI), leading to stillbirth. This calcification may be linked to immune complex deposition from treatments like IVIG.

Keywords:
chronic histiocytic intervillositisimmune complex depositionintravenous immunoglobulinplacental calcificationstillbirth

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Area of Science:

  • Pathology
  • Obstetrics
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Placental calcification typically presents in two primary patterns with distinct causes.
  • Chronic histiocytic intervillositis (CHI) is a rare placental disorder associated with recurrent intrauterine fetal demise (IUFD) and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR).

Observation:

  • A unique pattern of diffuse subamniotic calcification was observed in a 25-week placenta from a patient with recurrent CHI and IUFD.
  • The placenta showed extensive calcification on the fetal surface, appearing as a continuous band or dispersed microparticles.
  • Electron microscopy revealed electron-dense deposits, suggesting immune complex deposition.

Findings:

  • This case represents the first reported association of placental calcification with CHI.
  • The findings suggest a potential link between treatments for CHI, such as intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), and the development of immune complex deposition and subsequent dystrophic calcification.
  • CHI is known to cause IUGR and stillbirth, but not previously calcification or immune complex deposition.

Implications:

  • This novel placental finding may offer insights into the pathophysiology of CHI and its treatment complications.
  • Further research, including immunofluorescence and mass spectrometry on fresh placental tissue, is needed to confirm the role of immune complexes and IVIG in this calcification pattern.
  • Understanding this association could improve management strategies for pregnant individuals with CHI and recurrent pregnancy loss.