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Cancer and Tumor-Associated Childhood Stroke: Results From the International Pediatric Stroke Study

Lisa R Sun1, Alexandra Linds2, Mukta Sharma3

  • 1Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Division of Cerebrovascular Neurology, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.

Pediatric Neurology
|September 21, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Cancer significantly increases the risk of stroke in children. Children with cancer experienced more recurrent strokes and received less treatment for stroke prevention.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • The prevalence of cancer in pediatric stroke patients is not well-established.
  • This study investigates the association between cancer and ischemic stroke in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the incidence and characteristics of cancer-associated childhood ischemic stroke.
  • To compare stroke treatment and recurrence rates in children with and without cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from the International Pediatric Stroke Study (2003-2019).
  • Inclusion of children aged 29 days to 19 years with arterial ischemic stroke or cerebral sinovenous thrombosis.
  • Comparison of treatment and recurrence between cancer and non-cancer groups using statistical tests.

Main Results:

  • Cancer was present in 3.3% of arterial ischemic stroke cases and 10.7% of cerebral sinovenous thrombosis cases.
  • Brain tumors and hematologic malignancies were common cancer types.
  • Children with cancer received less antithrombotic/anticoagulant therapy and had higher rates of recurrent stroke.

Conclusions:

  • Cancer is a significant risk factor for both initial and recurrent strokes in children.
  • There is a need for specific stroke prevention strategies for pediatric cancer patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
Arterial ischemic strokeCancerCerebral sinovenous thrombosisChemotherapyChildhood strokeMalignancyPediatric stroke

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