Surgical Management of Cardiac Hydatid Cyst and the Residual Intramural Ectocyst

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Parasitology
• Infectious Diseases

Background:

• Hydatid cyst (HC) is a parasitic infection caused by Echinococcus tapeworms, endemic in livestock-raising regions.
• Cardiac hydatid cysts are exceptionally rare, often presenting with nonspecific symptoms, necessitating advanced imaging for diagnosis.
• Concurrent hydatid cysts in multiple organs, such as the liver and heart, require thorough investigation.

Observation:

• A young male presented with nonspecific symptoms, leading to the discovery of combined hepatic and cardiac hydatid cysts during diagnostic workup.
• The cardiac hydatid cyst was intramurally located within the interventricular septum, extending towards the diaphragmatic surface of the left ventricle and partially involving the right ventricle.
• The patient underwent emergency open-heart surgery for the removal of the cardiac hydatid cyst.

Findings:

• Surgical removal of the endocyst was performed, with drainage of the intramural ectocyst to mitigate risks of recurrence or residual space complications.
• Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of hydatid cyst in both hepatic and cardiac locations.
• The patient experienced a favorable postoperative recovery, underscoring the feasibility of surgical intervention for cardiac hydatid cysts.

Implications:

• This case underscores the importance of a comprehensive diagnostic approach in patients with hydatid disease, considering potential multi-organ involvement.
• Early diagnosis and surgical management are crucial for favorable outcomes in cardiac hydatid cyst cases.
• Increased awareness among clinicians regarding the possibility of cardiac hydatid cysts, even in the absence of typical symptoms, is warranted.