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Therapeutic Options for COVID-19: A Review
Rishita Pujari1,2,3, Mary V Thommana4,5,3, Brisandi Ruiz Mercedes6,7
1Internal Medicine, Independent Researcher, New York, USA.
Cureus
|September 21, 2020
Summary
This review explores existing drugs like remdesivir and hydroxychloroquine for treating coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Further research is needed to confirm the efficacy and safety of these therapeutic options.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Infectious Diseases
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, emerged in Wuhan, China, and rapidly became a global health crisis.
- Despite containment measures, the pandemic's impact necessitates urgent identification of effective therapeutic strategies.
- Current treatments primarily focus on supportive care and transmission reduction.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review existing therapeutic options for COVID-19, including remdesivir, plasma exchange, hydroxychloroquine, baricitinib, and lopinavir.
- To analyze the principles, clinical applications, and adverse effects of these drugs in treating COVID-19.
- To assess the current landscape of COVID-19 treatments amidst challenges in developing novel interventions.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of clinical trials and studies on drugs used for COVID-19 treatment.
- Analysis of drug mechanisms, efficacy data, and reported side effects.
- Synthesis of information on repurposed drugs and supportive therapies.
Main Results:
- Several drugs, including remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine, baricitinib, and lopinavir, have been investigated for COVID-19 treatment.
- Plasma exchange/cytapheresis has also been explored as a therapeutic option.
- Data on the efficacy and adverse effects of these interventions are varied, highlighting the need for further investigation.
Conclusions:
- Developing new antiviral drugs is challenging due to the mutable nature of the SARS-CoV-2 genome.
- Extensive research is required to establish the safety and efficacy of current therapeutic options for COVID-19.
- Repurposing existing drugs offers a potential strategy while new treatments are developed.
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