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Nursing Assessment of the Genitourinary System II: Inspection and Palpation01:26

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The nursing assessment of the genitourinary (GU) system involves a systematic inspection and palpation to identify abnormalities in the kidneys, bladder, and surrounding structures.InspectionMouth: Inspect for signs of kidney dysfunction, such as stomatitis (inflammation of the mouth) and ammonia breath, which may occur in advanced kidney disease due to the buildup of urea, breaking down into ammonia.Skin: Check for pallor, which could indicate anemia caused by kidney disease. Look for...
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Renal calculi, commonly termed kidney stones, are crystalline solid masses that form in the kidneys but can occur at any point within the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.The pathophysiology of renal stones involves several key factors: supersaturation of the urine with stone-forming constituents, changes in urine pH, a decrease in urine volume, and the presence of substances that promote or inhibit stone formation.Supersaturation of Urine: This is the...
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Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management01:28

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AssessmentSubjective Data: Obtain a detailed health history, including any recent or chronic urinary tract infections, periods of immobilization, previous episodes of renal calculi, and medical conditions such as gout, benign prostatic hyperplasia, or hyperparathyroidism. Review the medication history for drugs that may influence stone formation, including allopurinol, analgesics, loop diuretics, or thiazide diuretics. Document the use of long-term indwelling catheters and any past surgical...
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Nursing Assessment of the Genitourinary System I: Health History01:21

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The genitourinary system is critical to maintaining fluid balance, waste elimination, and reproductive function. Nurses play a vital role in assessing this system, beginning with a thorough health history. This process involves gathering patient information, identifying risk factors, and recognizing symptoms of genitourinary disorders. Early detection is vital for timely interventions and management.1. Gathering Patient InformationA complete health history includes the patient’s personal,...
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Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management01:30

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The diagnosis of renal calculi involves several imaging techniques, including non-contrast CT scans and ultrasound. These methods help visualize kidney stones, assess their size and location, and detect possible obstructions. Additionally, Measuring urine pH is useful for diagnosing specific stone types, such as struvite (alkaline pH) and uric acid stones (acidic pH). Cystine stones are primarily linked to cystinuria, a genetic condition. A urinalysis helps detect blood in the urine (hematuria)...
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Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management01:25

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Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...
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[Urinary Retention Due to Hematocolpos].

Íris Santos Silva1, Renata Martello1, António Mendes1

  • 1Serviço de Pediatria. Hospital Sousa Martins. Unidade Local de Saúde da Guarda. Guarda. Portugal.

Acta Medica Portuguesa
|September 21, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hematocolpos, a rare obstruction of menstrual flow often caused by an imperforate hymen, can present with urinary retention. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial for affected individuals, particularly adolescents.

Keywords:
AdolescentHematocolposHymenUrinary Retention/etiology

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Area of Science:

  • Gynecology
  • Pediatric Gynecology
  • Urology

Background:

  • Hematocolpos is a rare condition resulting from obstructed menstrual outflow, most commonly due to an imperforate hymen.
  • It affects approximately 1 in 1000 to 16,000 individuals and is typically asymptomatic until menarche.
  • The accumulation of blood can lead to hematocolpos (vaginal) or hematometra (uterine).

Observation:

  • A case report details a 12-year-old female presenting with abdominal pain and urinary retention.
  • The patient had not yet experienced menarche and was at Tanner stage M4/P5.
  • Urinary retention is identified as a rare but significant symptom of hematocolpos.

Findings:

  • The case highlights a rare presentation of hematocolpos in an adolescent.
  • The study underscores the importance of considering gynecological anomalies in the differential diagnosis of urinary retention in young females.
  • Prompt recognition and management of hematocolpos are essential to prevent complications.

Implications:

  • This case report serves as a reminder for clinicians to consider hematocolpos in the differential diagnosis of abdominal pain and urinary retention in premenarcheal adolescents.
  • Early diagnosis and intervention can prevent complications associated with prolonged obstruction.
  • Increased awareness may lead to improved patient outcomes for this uncommon condition.