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Updated: Dec 8, 2025

Direct Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy of Extracellular Vesicles in Three Dimensions
Published on: August 26, 2021
COVID-19 and Extracellular Vesicles: An Intriguing Interplay.
Gabriella Pocsfalvi1, Ramila Mammadova2,3, Ana Paulina Ramos Juarez2,3
1Extracellular Vesicles and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy, gabriella.pocsfalvi@ibbr.cnr.it.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) show promise in combating COVID-19. These structures, similar to viruses, are being explored for novel vaccine and treatment strategies against SARS-CoV-2.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Cell Biology
- Immunology
Background:
- The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic presents a significant global health challenge, necessitating rapid development of vaccines and treatments.
- Extracellular vesicles (EVs), secreted by cells, play roles in lung immunity and disease pathogenesis, including viral infections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the roles and potential contributions of EVs in viral infections, specifically in the context of COVID-19.
- To highlight ongoing EV-based therapeutic approaches and clinical trials for treating COVID-19.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on the interplay between EVs and viruses.
- Analysis of current EV-based strategies for COVID-19 treatment and vaccine development.
Main Results:
- Viruses and EVs share structural similarities and exploit each other's mechanisms for cellular entry and exit.
- EV-virus interplay offers potential for developing new antiviral drugs and vaccines.
Conclusions:
- EVs are implicated in the pathogenesis of viral lung diseases and are being investigated as therapeutic agents for COVID-19.
- Mesenchymal stem cell-derived EVs are a key focus in current COVID-19 treatment research.
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