Less commonly recognized features of childhood nephrotic syndrome

This article reviews aspects in the clinical presentation of nephrotic syndrome that are not generally considered characteristics of the syndrome's definition. The importance of various general clinical aspects such as hematuria, hypertension, and other laboratory or histologic findings are discussed. The clinical relevance and management of other specific aspects such as lipid alterations, coagulation abnormalities, calcium and vitamin D metabolism, and nutritional complications derived from the nephrotic syndrome also are included in this review.