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Comparison of Blood Pressure and Kidney Markers between Adolescent Former Preterm Infants and Term Controls

Eveline Staub1,2, Natalie Urfer-Maurer3,4, Sakari Lemola5,6

  • 1Department of Neonatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 22, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Preterm birth is linked to higher blood pressure (BP) and kidney markers like serum creatinine and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in adolescent boys, suggesting long-term kidney effects.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Cardiovascular Health in Adolescence

Background:

  • Preterm infants face increased risks for hypertension and chronic kidney disease.
  • Current guidelines lack specific recommendations for BP and renal monitoring in these individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare blood pressure (BP) and kidney function markers in adolescents born preterm versus those born at term.
  • To identify potential long-term renal and cardiovascular impacts of premature birth.

Main Methods:

  • Blood pressure (BP) was measured in 51 preterm-born (≤32 weeks gestational age) and 82 term-born adolescents (ages 10-15).
  • Serum and urine samples were analyzed for kidney markers including creatinine, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), cystatin C, beta-2 microglobulin, and beta trace protein.
  • Stepwise regression analyzed associations between BP and participant characteristics.

Main Results:

  • Adolescent boys born preterm exhibited significantly higher systolic BP than term-born controls; this difference was not observed in girls.
  • Low birth weight was associated with elevated BP in preterm boys.
  • Higher serum creatinine and NGAL levels were found in the preterm group.

Conclusions:

  • Premature birth is associated with a sex-dependent inverse relationship between birth weight and BP during adolescence.
  • Elevated serum creatinine and NGAL in preterm adolescents suggest potential long-term adverse effects on kidney function.
Abstract

Keywords:
adolescentfollow-up studieshypertensionkidneyprematurity

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