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Related Concept Videos

Tandem Mass Spectrometry01:21

Tandem Mass Spectrometry

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Tandem mass spectrometry is a technique that uses multiple mass analyzers in series to obtain a higher selectivity and signal-to-noise ratio for the analyte. Instruments with multiple analyzers separated by an interaction cell enable secondary fragmentation and selected study of the fragment ions.
Secondary fragmentations occur in the interaction cell and can be induced by various factors. Fragmentation induced by collision with inert gases, such as N2, Ar, He, etc., is called collision-induced...
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Peptide Identification Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry01:33

Peptide Identification Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry

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Tandem mass spectrometry, also known as MS/MS or MS2, is an analytical technique that employs two mass analyzers. Essentially it is a series of mass spectrometers that helps isolate a particular biomolecule and then helps study its chemical properties.
This technique helps gather information regarding the protein from which the peptide was obtained and to study the peptides’ amino acid sequence. Identifying peptides from a complex mixture is an important component of the growing field of...
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Mass Spectrometry: Overview01:19

Mass Spectrometry: Overview

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Mass spectrometry is an analytical technique used to determine the molecular mass and molecular formula of a compound. The basic principle of mass spectrometry is to generate ions from the analyte molecule and measure these ion abundances against their molecular mass.  One common type of ionization, known as electrospray ionization or EI, bombards the analyte molecules in the gas phase with high-energy electron beams. The electron beams displace an electron from the molecule and leave...
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MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry01:19

MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

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Mass spectrometry is a powerful characterization technique that can identify and separate a wide variety of compounds ranging from chemical to biological entities, based on their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). The instruments that allow this detection, known as mass spectrometers, have three components: an ion source, a mass analyzer, and a detector. These spectrometers differ based on the nature of their ion source and analyzers.
Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is a commonly...
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Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis01:21

Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis

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Mass spectrometry is an important technique for the identification of pure compounds. However, it has some limitations for the analysis of complex mixtures, often due to excessive fragmentation making the spectrum too complicated to decipher. Mass spectrometry can be combined with suitable separation methods in sequence, forming hyphenated methods, which are useful in the analysis of complex mixtures.
GC–MS is a powerful hyphenated method commonly used in forensics and environmental...
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Mass Spectrometers01:16

Mass Spectrometers

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This lesson details the instrumentation of a mass spectrometer—a physical instrument to perform mass spectrometry on analyte molecules and record the characteristic mass spectra. This is achieved via three chief functions:
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Comprehensive Workflow of Mass Spectrometry-based Shotgun Proteomics of Tissue Samples
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Mass Spectrometry Techniques: Principles and Practices for Quantitative Proteomics.

Rocco J Rotello1, Timothy D Veenstra1

  • 1School of Pharmacy, Cedarville University, Cedarville, OH 45314, United States.

Current Protein & Peptide Science
|September 22, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Mass spectrometry (MS) is crucial for understanding cellular functions at the proteome level. Advances in MS and sample preparation enable quantitative comparisons of thousands of proteins, advancing biological research.

Keywords:
QuantitationSWATH-MSisotope labelingmass spectrometryproteomicssubtractive proteomics

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Area of Science:

  • Proteomics
  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The omics era necessitates comprehensive cellular analysis beyond genomics.
  • Proteins perform most cellular functions, making proteome-level studies critical.
  • Mass spectrometry (MS) is the primary technology for proteome-wide protein analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of proteomic information for biological understanding.
  • To discuss the evolution and capabilities of mass spectrometry in proteomics.
  • To address the challenges and advancements in quantitative proteomic analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing mass spectrometry (MS) for protein identification and quantitation.
  • Developing advanced sample preparation techniques for complex proteomic samples.
  • Employing quantitative MS methods to compare protein abundance across samples.

Main Results:

  • Mass spectrometry has evolved into a robust tool for protein quantitation.
  • Combined advancements in sample preparation and MS enable large-scale quantitative proteomic comparisons.
  • Thousands of proteins can be quantitatively compared from cellular and organismal samples.

Conclusions:

  • Proteomics, particularly quantitative analysis via MS, is essential for comprehensive biological research.
  • Technological advancements have overcome many challenges in quantitative proteomic analysis.
  • MS is a powerful tool for dissecting complex biological systems at the protein level.