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Updated: Dec 8, 2025

Detection of Axonally Localized mRNAs in Brain Sections Using High-Resolution In Situ Hybridization
Published on: June 17, 2015
Molecular mechanisms behind mRNA localization in axons
Benita Turner-Bridger1, Cinzia Caterino2, Jean-Michel Cioni2
1Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, UK.
Abstract:
Messenger RNA (mRNA) localization allows spatiotemporal regulation of the proteome at the subcellular level. This is observed in the axons of neurons, where mRNA localization is involved in regulating neuronal development and function by orchestrating rapid adaptive responses to extracellular cues and the maintenance of axonal homeostasis through local translation. Here, we provide an overview of the key findings that have broadened our knowledge regarding how specific mRNAs are trafficked and localize to axons. In particular, we review transcriptomic studies investigating mRNA content in axons and the molecular principles underpinning how these mRNAs arrived there, including cis-acting mRNA sequences and trans-acting proteins playing a role. Further, we discuss evidence that links defective axonal mRNA localization and pathological outcomes.
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