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Biomarker Utility for Peripheral Artery Disease Diagnosis in Real Clinical Practice: A Prospective Study
Alexandr Ceasovschih1,2, Victorita Sorodoc1,2, Viviana Onofrei Aursulesei2,3
1Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Emergency Hospital "Sfantul Spiridon", 700106 Iasi, Romania.
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 23, 2020
Summary
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) diagnosis can be improved using inflammation biomarkers. Neopterin, fibrinogen, and cystatin C show high accuracy for predicting PAD, with neopterin being the most effective single marker.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Clinical Diagnostics
Background:
- Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) affects over 200 million globally, stemming from generalized atherosclerosis.
- Current diagnostic methods lack ideal biomarkers for risk stratification and diagnosis of PAD.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate inflammation biomarkers and cystatin C levels for PAD diagnosis.
- To explore the utility of these biomarkers in PAD risk stratification.
Main Methods:
- A study involving 296 participants: 216 with PAD and 80 controls.
- Measurement of C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), neopterin, beta 2-microglobulin (B2-MG), and cystatin C.
- Logistic regression analysis and Area Under the Curve (AUC) comparison for diagnostic accuracy.
Main Results:
- All measured biomarkers were significantly elevated in the PAD group compared to controls.
- Biomarker levels showed an inverse correlation with the ankle-brachial index (ABI).
- Neopterin, fibrinogen, and cystatin C emerged as the most efficient predictors of PAD in logistic regression models, with neopterin demonstrating the highest AUC.
Conclusions:
- Established markers like fibrinogen, CRP, ESR, B2-MG, and cystatin C are valuable for PAD diagnosis.
- Neopterin stands out as a highly accurate and leading biomarker for predicting PAD, surpassing other tested markers.
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