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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 8, 2025

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The relationship between dietary patterns and rheumatoid arthritis: a case-control study.

Shokufeh Nezamoleslami1, Reza Ghiasvand2, Awat Feizi3

  • 1Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.

Nutrition & Metabolism
|September 23, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Adhering to a healthy diet may reduce rheumatoid arthritis (RA) risk, while a Western diet is linked to increased RA odds. This study clarifies dietary pattern associations with RA development.

Keywords:
Case–controlDietary patternsFactor analysisIncidenceRheumatoid arthritis

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Area of Science:

  • Nutrition Science
  • Rheumatology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Limited research exists on whole dietary patterns and rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
  • Understanding dietary pattern associations with RA is crucial for prevention and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the relationship between major dietary patterns and rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Main Methods:

  • A matched case-control study involving 297 individuals in Isfahan, Iran.
  • Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) diagnosis confirmed by expert rheumatologists using ACR criteria (2010).
  • Dietary data collected via a 168-item questionnaire; patterns identified using factor analysis.

Main Results:

  • Two dietary patterns identified: healthy and Western.
  • Lower adherence to a healthy diet correlated with a 2.80-fold increased RA risk (OR=2.80; 95% CI 1.74-4.67).
  • Higher adherence to a Western diet showed a 2.22-fold increased RA risk (OR=2.22; 95% CI 1.04-4.72) after adjustments.

Conclusions:

  • A healthy dietary pattern is inversely associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) odds.
  • A Western dietary pattern is significantly associated with increased RA risk.
  • Further research is needed to validate these dietary pattern findings in relation to RA.