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Related Concept Videos

CRISPR01:59

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Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
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The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...
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Reporter genes are a type of protein-coding gene that are often tagged to a gene of interest. Once inside a target cell, reporter genes usually produce visually identifiable characteristics like fluorescence and luminescence when expressed along with the gene of interest. Thus, reporter genes “report” the presence or absence of genes of interest in an organism, determine the gene expression pattern, or track the physical location of a DNA segment or protein in the cell.
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Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
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Gene Digital Circuits Based on CRISPR-Cas Systems and Anti-CRISPR Proteins
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CRISPR-based gene expression control for synthetic gene circuits.

Javier Santos-Moreno1, Yolanda Schaerli1

  • 1Department of Fundamental Microbiology, University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.

Biochemical Society Transactions
|September 23, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

CRISPR technology offers a powerful alternative to traditional transcription factors for building synthetic gene circuits. This advancement enables more programmable, modular, and predictable control of engineered cells for diverse applications.

Keywords:
CRISPRgene expression and regulationsynthetic biological circuitssynthetic biology

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Area of Science:

  • Synthetic biology
  • Genetic engineering
  • Molecular systems biology

Background:

  • Synthetic gene circuits are essential for programming engineered cells.
  • Transcription factors (TFs) are the classic tools but have limitations in modularity and programmability.
  • Limitations of TFs hinder the advancement of forward-engineering endeavors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the potential of CRISPR technology in synthetic gene circuit design.
  • To compare CRISPR systems with transcription factors for synthetic biology applications.
  • To highlight CRISPR as a superior alternative for enhanced circuit construction.

Main Methods:

  • Review of CRISPR systems for gene circuit applications.
  • Comparative analysis of CRISPR and transcription factor functionalities.
  • Exploration of CRISPR's characteristics for modularity and predictability.

Main Results:

  • CRISPR technology presents new and powerful possibilities for synthetic circuit design.
  • CRISPR systems exhibit superior characteristics over TFs in modularity, orthogonality, and programmability.
  • CRISPR offers a predictable and standardized framework for circuit design.

Conclusions:

  • CRISPR technology is a viable alternative to complement or replace TFs in synthetic circuits.
  • The adoption of CRISPR facilitates the realization of more ambitious synthetic biology designs.
  • CRISPR enhances the programmability and control of engineered living cells.