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Cellular-scale silicon probes for high-density, precisely localized neurophysiology.

Daniel Egert1, Jeffrey R Pettibone1, Stefan Lemke2

  • 1Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, California.

Journal of Neurophysiology
|September 23, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Next-generation neural probes at a cellular scale offer ultra-high density for recording brain activity. This technology enables precise visualization of recording sites, advancing neural circuit research and brain-machine interfaces.

Keywords:
high-density recordingmicroelectrodesneural circuitsstriatum

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biotechnology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Neural implants are crucial for studying brain function but often cause tissue damage due to their large size.
  • Large implants limit electrode density and hinder accurate localization of recording sites within neural circuits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop next-generation neural probes with cellular-scale dimensions and ultra-high density.
  • To improve the chronic performance and precise registration of neural recording sites.

Main Methods:

  • Designed and fabricated silicon-based neural probes with a 5 × 10 µm cross-section and high-density recording sites.
  • Inserted probes into rodent brains to record neural activity over several weeks.
  • Developed a slice-in-place method for precise registration of recording sites relative to neural and anatomical features.

Main Results:

  • Probes successfully recorded large neural spikes in freely behaving rats for extended periods.
  • Demonstrated ultra-high-density packing with as little as 66 µm between shanks.
  • Validated precise localization of recording sites using the slice-in-place technique.

Conclusions:

  • Scalable, cellular-scale neural probes offer a significant advancement for neural circuit investigation.
  • This technology has potential applications in understanding information processing and developing human brain-machine interfaces.