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Local and Sustained Delivery of Rifampicin from a Bioactive Ceramic Carrier Treats Bone Infection in Rat Tibia
Irfan Qayoom1, Arun Kumar Teotia1, Apurva Panjla2
1Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur-208016, Uttar Pradesh, India.
ACS Infectious Diseases
|September 23, 2020
Summary
This study developed a novel nanohydroxyapatite/calcium sulfate ceramic carrier for rifampicin delivery to treat osteomyelitis. The system effectively eradicated Staphylococcus aureus and promoted bone healing in a rat model.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Osteomyelitis treatment faces challenges with pathogen eradication and drug resistance.
- Conventional therapies like systemic antibiotics and surgical debridement have limitations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and evaluate a novel ceramic carrier system for localized rifampicin delivery.
- To assess the antibacterial and osteogenic potential of the rifampicin-loaded carrier for osteomyelitis treatment.
Main Methods:
- Incorporation of rifampicin (RFP) into a nanohydroxyapatite (nHAP)/calcium sulfate ceramic carrier (NC).
- In vivo evaluation of RFP release, distribution, and binding in a rat model.
- Generation of a Staphylococcus aureus-induced osteomyelitis model in rat tibia for efficacy testing.
Main Results:
- Sustained release and bone accumulation of RFP from the NC carrier were observed for 28 days.
- The NC + RFP system completely eradicated Staphylococcus aureus in the bone nidus.
- Micro-CT and histological analyses confirmed defect healing and new bone formation.
Conclusions:
- The nHAP-based ceramic matrix effectively delivers rifampicin to eradicate bone infections.
- This delivery system demonstrates potential for simultaneous infection control and bone regeneration in osteomyelitis treatment.
