[The application of target-based tissue-agnostic therapy in the treatment of lung cancer]

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Genetics
• Pharmacology

Background:

• The Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC) database details over 6 million mutations across 600 cancer genes in 200+ tumor types.
• The vast number of potential driver alterations and tumor types creates a need for cross-tumor targeted therapy strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the potential of using targeted therapies across multiple tumor types based on molecular targets.
• To evaluate the applicability of tissue-agnostic therapy planning in lung cancer.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing data on targeted therapies and their molecular targets.
• Analysis of the presence of known drug targets within lung cancer.

Main Results:

• NTRK inhibitors (larotrectinib, entrectinib) and PD-1 inhibitor pembrolizumab are approved as tissue-agnostic therapies based on molecular biomarkers (microsatellite instability, tumor mutation burden).
• These molecular targets are present in lung cancer, with clinical evidence supporting treatment activity.
• Many targeted therapies approved for other cancers have targets also found in lung cancer.

Conclusions:

• Targeted therapies with established mechanisms of action can be effectively utilized across different tumor types.
• Lung cancer presents opportunities for target-based tissue-agnostic therapy planning, leveraging existing drug approvals.