Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Gene-Environment Interactions01:20

Gene-Environment Interactions

910
Gene expression is a dynamic process that is significantly influenced by environmental factors. This interaction underlies the complex nature of biological development and the phenotypic differences observed among individuals, even among those with identical genetic makeups. Factors such as radiation, temperature, behavior, nutrition, and stress play pivotal roles in determining how genes are expressed. The concept of the reaction range is central to understanding this interaction. It posits...
910
Background and Environment Affect Phenotype02:27

Background and Environment Affect Phenotype

7.2K
Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
7.2K
Behavioral Genetics and Its Designs01:23

Behavioral Genetics and Its Designs

815
Behavior genetics explores how genetic inheritance influences human behavior. It focuses on how genes, passed from parents to offspring, contribute to the development of behavioral traits and tendencies. This branch of genetics seeks to understand the complex interplay between inherited genetic factors and environmental influences in shaping our behaviors.
The primary methodologies used in behavior genetics include family studies, twin studies, and adoption studies, each providing unique...
815
Causes of Social Behavior III: Biological and Environmental Influences01:28

Causes of Social Behavior III: Biological and Environmental Influences

156
Social behavior is a complex phenomenon that arises from the interaction between biological predispositions and environmental influences. This intricate interplay shapes how individuals think, feel, and act in various social contexts. Understanding these mechanisms requires insights from psychology, neuroscience, genetics, and evolutionary theory.Environmental Influences on Social BehaviorEnvironmental factors, including temperature, odors, and visual stimuli, play a crucial role in shaping...
156
Human Genetics01:28

Human Genetics

1.2K
Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
1.2K
Biological Influences on Intelligence01:30

Biological Influences on Intelligence

387
Intelligence is often thought to be linked to brain size, but the relationship is more complex than that. While brain size does correlate modestly with some abilities, like verbal skills, the connection is weaker for others, such as spatial reasoning. Other factors, like brain structure, also play crucial roles. For instance, despite Einstein's smaller-than-average brain, his parietal cortex, which is involved in spatial reasoning, was 15% wider, suggesting that neural density might matter...
387

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

RESCUE: recovery of unattributed expression patterns in spatial transcriptomics.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Nine changes needed to deliver a radical transformation in biodiversity measurement.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

Host genetic background and environment have different effects on the establishment and structure of the adult worker honey bee gut microbiota.

PloS one·2026
Same author

Genetic variation influences food-sharing sociability in honey bees.

PLoS biology·2025
Same author

Foraging actively can be advantageous in heterogeneous environments.

Biology letters·2025
Same author

Effects of microRNA-305 knockdown on brain gene expression associated with division of labor in honey bee colonies (Apis mellifera).

The Journal of experimental biology·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 8, 2025

Using Cholesky Decomposition to Explore Individual Differences in Longitudinal Relations between Reading Skills
06:52

Using Cholesky Decomposition to Explore Individual Differences in Longitudinal Relations between Reading Skills

Published on: September 17, 2019

6.6K

Genes and environments, development and time.

W Thomas Boyce1,2,3, Marla B Sokolowski4,5, Gene E Robinson3,6,7

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|September 24, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gene-environment interactions shape behavior and health, influenced by timing across multiple scales. Understanding these dynamic G-E transactions across biological and developmental time is crucial for comprehending individual differences.

Keywords:
biological embedding of experiencecritical periodsgene regulationgene–environment interplaytiming

More Related Videos

Gene-environment Interaction Models to Unmask Susceptibility Mechanisms in Parkinson's Disease
08:09

Gene-environment Interaction Models to Unmask Susceptibility Mechanisms in Parkinson's Disease

Published on: January 7, 2014

7.8K
Optimized Analysis of DNA Methylation and Gene Expression from Small, Anatomically-defined Areas of the Brain
13:11

Optimized Analysis of DNA Methylation and Gene Expression from Small, Anatomically-defined Areas of the Brain

Published on: July 12, 2012

19.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 8, 2025

Using Cholesky Decomposition to Explore Individual Differences in Longitudinal Relations between Reading Skills
06:52

Using Cholesky Decomposition to Explore Individual Differences in Longitudinal Relations between Reading Skills

Published on: September 17, 2019

6.6K
Gene-environment Interaction Models to Unmask Susceptibility Mechanisms in Parkinson's Disease
08:09

Gene-environment Interaction Models to Unmask Susceptibility Mechanisms in Parkinson's Disease

Published on: January 7, 2014

7.8K
Optimized Analysis of DNA Methylation and Gene Expression from Small, Anatomically-defined Areas of the Brain
13:11

Optimized Analysis of DNA Methylation and Gene Expression from Small, Anatomically-defined Areas of the Brain

Published on: July 12, 2012

19.2K

Area of Science:

  • Developmental psychology
  • Behavioral genetics
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • Individual differences in behavior and health arise from gene-environment interplay.
  • Epigenetic mechanisms mediate how early life experiences, like poverty and stress, impact development.
  • Genetic variations influence susceptibility to environmental exposures.

Discussion:

  • Time is a critical, yet often overlooked, factor in gene-environment (G-E) interactions.
  • Developmental trajectories are shaped by dynamic exchanges between genes, environment, and time across various scales.
  • This issue examines the role of timing in G-E transactions, brain development, and gene-regulatory networks.

Key Insights:

  • Timing and timescales are crucial for understanding developmental plasticity and critical periods.
  • Epigenetics provides molecular insights into how experiences are biologically embedded over time.
  • Gene-environment interplay is contingent on temporal dynamics at multiple biological levels.

Outlook:

  • Future research should integrate temporal dynamics into G-E interaction models.
  • Understanding timing across neurobiological, genomic, developmental, and evolutionary scales is key.
  • This work highlights the need for a time-sensitive approach to studying behavior and health outcomes.