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Optokinetic stimulation induces vertical vergence, possibly through a non-visual pathway.

Tobias Wibble1,2, Tony Pansell3,4

  • 1Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Eye and Vision, Marianne Bernadotte Centre, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. tobias.wibble@ki.se.

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Summary

Vertical vergence, typically linked to vestibular input, can be visually induced by optokinetic rotations. This study found that binocular viewing suppresses visually induced vertical vergence compared to monocular viewing.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Ophthalmology
  • Vision Science

Background:

  • Vertical vergence is commonly associated with vestibular activation, visual disparity, or ocular torsion.
  • Optokinetic rotations can also induce vertical vergence, suggesting a visual influence.
  • The precise visual mechanisms and conditions affecting vertical vergence require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of binocular versus monocular vision on vertical vergence induced by optokinetic stimulation.
  • To determine if visual suppression occurs in visually induced vertical vergence.

Main Methods:

  • Eight subjects viewed a rotating visual scene in head-erect position under monocular and binocular conditions.
  • Eye movements, specifically vertical vergence and torsion, were recorded using an eye-tracker.
  • Monocular viewing involved eye occlusion to isolate visual input.

Main Results:

  • Vertical vergence amplitudes were significantly lower during binocular viewing compared to monocular viewing (p=0.003).
  • Ocular torsion remained unaffected by the viewing conditions.
  • Visually induced vertical vergence was suppressed during binocular viewing.

Conclusions:

  • Visually induced vertical vergence via optokinetic stimulation is suppressed during binocular viewing.
  • This suppression suggests a complex interplay between visual and vestibular pathways.
  • Findings may indicate a visually induced activation of vestibular pathways influencing vertical vergence.