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Real-time Breath Analysis by Using Secondary Nanoelectrospray Ionization Coupled to High Resolution Mass Spectrometry

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Exhaled breath analysis using cavity-enhanced optical techniques: a review.

Gourab D Banik¹, Boris Mizaikoff¹

¹Institute of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Ulm University Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany.

Journal of Breath Research

|September 24, 2020

Summary

Cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopies (CEAS) offer ultra-sensitive detection of trace species in exhaled breath. This review explores CEAS applications for non-invasive health assessment using breath analysis.

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Area of Science:

Molecular Spectroscopy
Optical Sensing
Biomedical Diagnostics

Background:

Cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopies (CEAS) are increasingly vital in molecular spectroscopy.
Optical sensors utilizing CEAS techniques with laser sources offer selective and sensitive detection of trace species.
Exhaled human breath is a complex matrix containing valuable biomarkers.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent applications of CEAS for analyzing trace constituents in exhaled breath.
To highlight the potential of CEAS in non-invasive human health status assessment.
To discuss challenges and future directions for CEAS in clinical diagnostics.

Main Methods:

Utilizing continuous wave or pulsed laser sources in mid-infrared or near-infrared spectral regimes.
Employing CEAS techniques for molecularly selective and ultra-sensitive detection.
Analyzing trace species within the complex matrix of exhaled human breath.

Main Results:

CEAS enables highly sensitive detection of trace gases in exhaled breath.
Applications demonstrate CEAS's utility for non-invasive health monitoring.
The review covers disease-specific trace components in breath and their formation mechanisms.

Conclusions:

CEAS is a powerful tool for analyzing exhaled breath for non-invasive diagnostics.
Addressing current challenges in CEAS will advance its clinical diagnostic capabilities.
Future developments promise enhanced non-invasive clinical applications of CEAS.