Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 8, 2025
Engineered Vascularized Muscle Flap
Published on: January 11, 2016
Breast Reconstruction Using a Three-Dimensional Absorbable Mesh Scaffold and Autologous Fat Grafting: A Composite
Robert D Rehnke1, M Asher Schusterman1, John M Clarke1
1From private practice; the Departments of Plastic Surgery, Radiology, and Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center; Palms Surgical Associates; Price Hoffman Stone Associates; and the Department of Bioengineering and the McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh.
This study introduces the Lotus scaffold with fat grafting for breast reconstruction, offering a viable autologous option. Patients reported high satisfaction with shape and size, demonstrating less morbidity than traditional methods.
Area of Science:
- Plastic Surgery
- Regenerative Medicine
- Biomaterials
Background:
- Breast reconstruction commonly utilizes implants or autologous tissue.
- Limited data exists on primary breast reconstruction using fat grafting alone.
- Novel techniques are needed to improve outcomes and reduce patient morbidity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the safety and efficacy of a novel three-dimensional absorbable mesh construct (Lotus scaffold) combined with autologous fat grafting for breast reconstruction.
- To assess patient satisfaction, aesthetic outcomes, and histological integration of the scaffold and grafted fat.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 22 patients (28 breasts) undergoing reconstruction with the Lotus scaffold and autologous fat grafting (Feb 2015-Feb 2018).
- Analysis of postoperative mammograms and MRI scans.
- Histologic evaluation of tissue specimens and mechanical compression testing of the scaffold.
Main Results:
- All patients expressed satisfaction with breast shape and size after an average 19-month follow-up.
- Successful reconstruction required an average of two fat grafting sessions.
- Imaging and histology confirmed robust adipose tissue integration, a slowly resorbing scaffold, and no adverse events like capsule formation, oil cysts, or calcifications.
Conclusions:
- The Lotus scaffold with autologous fat grafting presents a viable, less morbid alternative for breast reconstruction compared to free tissue transfer.
- This technique facilitates autologous reconstruction with good aesthetic results and tissue integration.
