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Tumor Immunotherapy

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

Targeted Cancer Therapies

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 8, 2025

A 3D Organotypic Melanoma Spheroid Skin Model

A 3D Organotypic Melanoma Spheroid Skin Model

Published on: May 18, 2018

Rationale for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Plus Targeted Therapy in Metastatic Melanoma: A Review.

Reinhard Dummer¹, Paolo A Ascierto², Paul Nathan³

¹University Hospital Zürich Skin Cancer Center, Zürich, Switzerland.

|September 24, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Combining targeted therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors may improve outcomes for metastatic melanoma patients. Research explores optimal sequencing and combination strategies to enhance survival and durable responses in BRAF V600-mutant melanoma.

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A Robust Discovery Platform for the Identification of Novel Mediators of Melanoma Metastasis

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Immunology
Dermatology

Background:

Metastatic melanoma management transformed by immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapies.
Targeted therapies influence the tumor microenvironment's immune aspects, suggesting synergistic potential.

Purpose of the Study:

Review rationale and preclinical evidence for combining/sequencing immune checkpoint inhibitors with targeted therapy in melanoma.
Highlight clinical trial results and ongoing research in this area.

Main Methods:

Analysis of preclinical data on immune changes induced by BRAF/MEK inhibitors.
Review of clinical trials investigating combination and sequencing strategies.
Discussion of emerging phase 3 data and trial designs.

Main Results:

BRAF/MEK inhibitors induce immune changes enhancing sensitivity to immune checkpoint inhibitors in BRAF V600-mutant melanoma.
Combination and sequencing strategies show potential for increased response duration, tumor control, and survival.

Conclusions:

Combination and sequencing of targeted therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors represent promising strategies for metastatic melanoma.
Ongoing trials aim to resolve optimal timing, duration, and patient selection for these combined approaches.
Emerging phase 3 data will inform clinical practice regarding these advanced melanoma treatments.