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A Critical Review of Multimodal Interventions for Cachexia
Clare McKeaveney1, Peter Maxwell2,3, Helen Noble1
1School of Nursing and Midwifery, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland.
Advances in Nutrition (Bethesda, Md.)
|September 24, 2020
Summary
Multimodal interventions show promise for treating severe wasting and cachexia in chronic illnesses. Further large-scale trials are needed to confirm their effectiveness in improving patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Medical research
- Clinical interventions
- Patient outcomes
Background:
- Cachexia and severe wasting lack standardized treatments.
- Multimodal interventions are increasingly recommended.
- Addressing complex pathogenesis and metabolic alterations is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- Identify multimodal interventions for cachexia/wasting in chronic illness.
- Assess the quality of existing studies.
- Evaluate the effectiveness of these interventions.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search of multiple databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, etc.).
- Inclusion of 14 trials (n=1026 patients) across cancer, COPD, and CKD.
- Data collection on body composition, nutrition, biomarkers, and functionality.
Main Results:
- All included studies showed improvements in treatment groups.
- Observed benefits in body composition, nutrition, biomarkers, and functionality.
- Caution advised due to intervention heterogeneity and small sample sizes.
Conclusions:
- Evidence supports multimodal interventions for severe wasting.
- Need for large, powered randomized controlled trials.
- Further research essential to confirm efficacy for improving patient status.
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