Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Focusing of Light in the Eye

Focusing of Light in the Eye

Light rays enter the eye through the cornea, a transparent dome-shaped tissue that is the eye's outermost layer. The cornea bends or refracts, light rays traveling to the pupil. The shape of the cornea determines how much of the light is bent and whether the image will be focused correctly on the retina at the back of the eye. Once the light has passed through both refraction layers, it converges into a single focal point onto a small area. This is where photoreceptors start transforming...

Accessory Structures of the Eye

Accessory Structures of the Eye

Optical perception, or vision, is an extraordinary sense dependent on converting light signals received via the ocular organs. These organs, known as eyes, are securely positioned within the bony cavities of the skull, called orbits. The orbits serve a dual purpose: a protective shield for the ocular globes and a stable attachment point for the soft ocular tissues. The eye's external protective mechanisms include the eyelids, which are edged with lashes that act as a barrier against foreign...

Muscles of the Eye

Muscles of the Eye

The muscles of the eye are sophisticated structures that control eye movement and focus, allowing for the precise and rapid adjustments necessary for vision. The human eye is controlled by ten muscles — six extraocular muscles, three intraocular muscles, and one primary eyelid retractor muscle.
Extraocular Muscles
The six extraocular muscles surround the eyeball and control its movements. They are responsible for a wide range of eye motions, including looking up, down, left, right, and...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Silk-Hyaluronic Acid Laryngoplasty Outcomes: An Independent Tertiary Center Experience.

The Laryngoscope·2026

Same author

Single-shot, depth-encoded multiplexed OCT for multi-spot tracking of induced transient corneal dynamics.

Biomedical optics express·2026

Same author

Design-Dependent Myopia Control in Orthokeratology: Spherical Versus Aspherical Back Optic Zone Profiles.

Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

Same author

How the Ketogenic Diet Shapes the Microbiome to Influence Cancer Immunotherapy Outcomes: An Exploration of Clinical Trials and Their Results.

Nutrition and cancer·2026

Same author

CRE26-065: Second-Line Treatments for Patients With Cemiplimab-Refractory Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinomas: A Brief Report.

Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN·2026

Same author

Novel Immunotherapeutic Approaches for Patients with Head and Neck Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Oncology research·2026

Same journal

Thymidylate synthase inhibitory drugs induce p53-dependent pathways differently.

PloS one·2026

Same journal

Top-down and bottom-up attention for joint pattern classification and reconstruction.

PloS one·2026

Same journal

Short- and long-term scaling behavior of blood pressure and pulse arrival time during sleep in healthy controls and patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

PloS one·2026

Same journal

Double DQN-based secrecy energy efficiency and fairness performance in IRS-assisted NOMA systems with friendly jamming.

PloS one·2026

Same journal

10 recommendations for strengthening citizen science for improved societal and ecological outcomes: A co-produced analysis of challenges and opportunities in the 21st century.

PloS one·2026

Same journal

Paying in public: Peer effects, impression management, and willingness to pay on digital payment platforms.

PloS one·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 7, 2025

Using an Automated Hirschberg Test App to Evaluate Ocular Alignment

Using an Automated Hirschberg Test App to Evaluate Ocular Alignment

Published on: March 24, 2020

Limbus misrepresentation in parametric eye models.

Joshua Moore^1,2, Xuhan Shu³, Bernardo T Lopes^2,4

¹Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.

|September 24, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Parametric models mislocate the eye's limbus, with errors varying by model type and fit radius. Scleral fitting errors may impact overall accuracy, suggesting nonparametric corneal models could improve limbus representation.

More Related Videos

In vivo Structural Assessments of Ocular Disease in Rodent Models using Optical Coherence Tomography

In vivo Structural Assessments of Ocular Disease in Rodent Models using Optical Coherence Tomography

Published on: July 24, 2020

Spatio-Temporal In Vivo Imaging of Ocular Drug Delivery Systems using Fiberoptic Confocal Laser Microendoscopy

Spatio-Temporal In Vivo Imaging of Ocular Drug Delivery Systems using Fiberoptic Confocal Laser Microendoscopy

Published on: September 27, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 7, 2025

Using an Automated Hirschberg Test App to Evaluate Ocular Alignment

Using an Automated Hirschberg Test App to Evaluate Ocular Alignment

Published on: March 24, 2020

In vivo Structural Assessments of Ocular Disease in Rodent Models using Optical Coherence Tomography

In vivo Structural Assessments of Ocular Disease in Rodent Models using Optical Coherence Tomography

Published on: July 24, 2020

Spatio-Temporal In Vivo Imaging of Ocular Drug Delivery Systems using Fiberoptic Confocal Laser Microendoscopy

Spatio-Temporal In Vivo Imaging of Ocular Drug Delivery Systems using Fiberoptic Confocal Laser Microendoscopy

Published on: September 27, 2021

Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Biomedical Engineering
Computational Modeling

Background:

Accurate corneal and scleral modeling is crucial for understanding ocular biomechanics and optical performance.
Parametric models (spherical, conic, biconic) are commonly used to approximate eye surface geometry.
Limbus misrepresentation can affect the accuracy of various ophthalmic measurements and simulations.

Purpose of the Study:

To quantify the misrepresentation of limbus position (axial, radial, tangential) using parametric models for the cornea and sclera.
To compare the accuracy of spherical, conic, and biconic models in representing the eye's surface geometry.
To identify potential sources of error in current eye surface modeling techniques.

Main Methods:

Retrospective analysis of topography data from 135 subjects (ages 22-65).
Data processed using custom MATLAB code to fit spherical, conic, and biconic models to eye surfaces after artifact removal.
Evaluation of radial and whole-cornea fitting errors for different parametric models.

Main Results:

Significant radial limbus position errors were observed across all parametric models, ranging from -0.69±0.20mm to -0.86±0.23mm within a 5mm fitting radius.
Whole-cornea fitting errors varied, with conic models showing the smallest average errors (-0.02±0.29mm right eye, -0.05±0.27mm left eye).
Scleral fitting errors were noted, suggesting potential propagation of inaccuracies to other ocular components.

Conclusions:

Parametric modeling techniques (spherical, conic, biconic) lead to limbus mislocation.
Scleral fitting errors appear to propagate, potentially affecting the accuracy of corneal and limbus representations.
Nonparametric corneal models may be required for improved and more accurate limbus representation in ophthalmic research.