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Innate lymphoid cells: from helper to killer
Lisette Krabbendam1, Jochem H Bernink1, Hergen Spits1
1Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute (AI&II), Cancer Center Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Current Opinion in Immunology
|September 24, 2020
Summary
This review explores cytotoxic helper group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), distinct from NK cells. We discuss their identification, development, and function in humans and mice.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Innate Immunity
- Innate Lymphoid Cells (ILCs)
Background:
- Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) encompass five subsets: Lymphoid Tissue inducer (LTi) cells, cytotoxic NK cells, and non-cytotoxic helper ILC1s, ILC2s, and ILC3s.
- The plasticity and cytokine production of helper ILCs have been primary research focuses.
- Emerging evidence highlights cytotoxic helper ILCs, distinct from conventional NK cells.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the identification, development, and function of cytotoxic helper ILC subsets.
- To compare cytotoxic helper ILCs in humans and mice.
- To differentiate cytotoxic helper ILCs from conventional NK cells.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of current research on ILC subsets.
- Analysis of studies identifying and characterizing cytotoxic helper ILCs.
- Comparative analysis of human and murine ILC development and function.
Main Results:
- Cytotoxic helper ILCs are identified as a distinct subset.
- In humans, these cells can develop from conventional helper ILCs.
- The development and function of cytotoxic helper ILCs in mice require further elucidation.
Conclusions:
- Cytotoxic helper ILCs represent a significant area of immunological research.
- Understanding their distinct characteristics is crucial for comprehending innate immunity.
- Further research is needed to fully elucidate their role, particularly in murine models.
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