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Ocular structural changes in patients with Duane retraction syndrome: Does a correlation exist?

Ramesh Kekunnaya1, Bhagya L Marella2, Hari K Peguda3

  • 1Child Sight Institute, Jasti V Ramanamma Children's Eye Care Center, L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, Kallam Anji Reddy Campus, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology
|September 25, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Unilateral Duane retraction syndrome (DRS) affects eye structure, with affected eyes showing significantly shorter axial length compared to the normal fellow eye. Other structural measurements like central macular thickness and choroidal thickness were similar between eyes.

Keywords:
Axial lengthDuane retraction syndromecentral foveal thicknesskeratometryrefractive error

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Ophthalmic Genetics
  • Pediatric Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Duane retraction syndrome (DRS) is a congenital eye movement disorder characterized by limited abduction, and sometimes adduction, with globe retraction and narrowing of the palpebral fissure on attempted adduction.
  • Structural ocular changes associated with DRS are not fully understood, particularly concerning axial length, retinal thickness, choroidal status, and corneal curvature.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and compare ocular structural parameters, including axial length, central macular thickness (CMT), subfoveal choroidal thickness, and keratometry, between the affected eye in unilateral Duane retraction syndrome (DRS) and the contralateral normal eye.
  • To identify potential correlations between DRS subtypes and observed structural variations.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study included 34 subjects with unilateral DRS.
  • Ocular measurements, including axial length and keratometry, were performed using partial coherence interferometry.
  • Central macular thickness (CMT) and subfoveal choroidal thickness were assessed using enhanced depth imaging-optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT).

Main Results:

  • Eyes with DRS exhibited a significantly shorter median axial length (22.4 mm) compared to their fellow eyes (22.7 mm) (P = 0.04).
  • No significant differences were found in choroidal thickness, CMT, or average keratometry between DRS and fellow eyes (P > 0.05).
  • Axial length differences were significant only between Type I and Type III DRS subtypes (P = 0.03).

Conclusions:

  • The affected eye in unilateral DRS tends to have a shorter axial length than the unaffected fellow eye.
  • While refractive error prevalence may be higher in DRS eyes, the magnitude of refractive error is comparable to the fellow eye.
  • These findings contribute to understanding the ocular structural implications of DRS.