MXenes-Based Bioanalytical Sensors: Design, Characterization, and Applications.

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Nanotechnology
• Biotechnology

Background:

• MXenes are novel 2D layered nanomaterials with tunable compositions (M_n+1X_n).
• They exhibit exceptional properties: high conductivity, large surface area, biocompatibility, and facile functionalization.
• These characteristics make them promising for various applications, including bioanalytical systems.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the advancements in utilizing MXenes for biosensor development.
• To highlight the application of MXenes in electrochemical and optical biosensing platforms.
• To identify future opportunities and challenges in MXene-based biosensor research.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of MXene applications in biosensing.
• Analysis of MXene properties relevant to biosensor design (conductivity, surface area, etc.).
• Discussion of MXene integration into electrochemical and optical sensing modalities.

Main Results:

• MXenes demonstrate significant potential as electrode materials in electrochemical biosensors due to their high conductivity.
• Their layered structure serves as an effective matrix for immobilizing biomolecules, preserving their activity.
• MXenes show promise for both electrochemical and optical biosensing applications.

Conclusions:

• MXenes are highly suitable for developing next-generation biosensors, particularly electrochemical and optical types.
• Further research is needed to optimize MXene-based biosensors for enhanced sensitivity, selectivity, and stability.
• Future directions include developing wearable biosensors and integrated systems for real-time biomolecule detection.