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Simplification of hepatitis C testing: a time to act.

Mario Poljak1

  • 1Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.

Acta Dermatovenerologica Alpina, Pannonica, Et Adriatica
|September 25, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) testing is simplifying with new rapid diagnostics and innovative tools. These advancements support global HCV elimination goals by improving accessibility and accuracy in diagnosis and treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Virology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Hepatitis C virus (HCV) impacts 71 million globally, with potential for elimination by 2030.
  • Advances in diagnostics and antiviral therapies are crucial for HCV control.
  • Simplifying HCV testing is key to achieving public health goals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current and emerging strategies for simplifying Hepatitis C virus (HCV) testing.
  • To discuss diagnostic solutions for diverse healthcare settings, including low- and middle-income countries.
  • To assess the feasibility of HCV elimination targets based on diagnostic advancements.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent guidance documents from major professional societies.
  • Analysis of current anti-HCV antibody testing, including rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs).

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  • Exploration of innovative diagnostic technologies for HCV RNA and core antigen detection.
  • Main Results:

    • Anti-HCV antibody testing is the recommended first-line approach.
    • Rapid diagnostic tests are approaching the performance of standard immunoassays.
    • Emerging technologies like loop-mediated isothermal amplification and CRISPR-Cas show promise for HCV detection.
    • Point-of-care diagnostics and mobile labs offer solutions for resource-limited settings.
    • Micro-elimination and macro-elimination strategies have demonstrated success in real-world settings.

    Conclusions:

    • Simplified HCV testing is critical for achieving global elimination goals.
    • Innovative diagnostics and strategic approaches like micro- and macro-elimination are vital.
    • While elimination is plausible, timelines may vary by country due to resource and implementation challenges.