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Doublon-Hole Correlations and Fluctuation Thermometry in a Fermi-Hubbard Gas
Thomas Hartke1, Botond Oreg1, Ningyuan Jia1
1Department of Physics, MIT-Harvard Center for Ultracold Atoms, and Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
Physical Review Letters
|September 25, 2020
Summary
Researchers achieved single atom and site-resolved detection in a 2D Fermi-Hubbard model. This breakthrough allows direct measurement of the equation of state and study of atom-resolved charge transport.
Area of Science:
- Quantum simulation
- Condensed matter physics
- Cold atom physics
Background:
- The Fermi-Hubbard model is crucial for understanding strongly correlated electron systems.
- Previous methods lacked single-site resolution for studying quantum phenomena.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and demonstrate a technique for single atom and site-resolved detection in a 2D Fermi-Hubbard model.
- To enable direct measurement of the equation of state and thermometry.
- To investigate density correlations and their impact on Mott insulator properties.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing cold atoms in a 2D optical lattice.
- Employing fluorescence imaging with site splitting to detect doublons (pairs of atoms).
- Applying the fluctuation-dissipation theorem for direct thermometry.
Main Results:
- Achieved single atom and site-resolved detection of total density.
- Direct measurement of the equation of state and thermometry.
- Revealed Pauli holes at low filling and strong doublon-hole correlations near half filling.
- Explained differences between local and nonlocal density fluctuations in the Mott insulator.
Conclusions:
- The developed technique provides unprecedented resolution for studying the Fermi-Hubbard model.
- Enables future research into atom-resolved charge transport, molecular formation, and bilayer systems.
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