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Longitudinal Decline on the Dichotic Digits Test.

Lauren K Dillard^1,2, Mary E Fischer³, Alex Pinto³

¹Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison.

American Journal of Audiology

|September 25, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Aging impacts auditory processing. The dichotic digits test (DDT) showed a 5-year decline in free recall, linked to hearing impairment. Right ear advantage (REA) widened with age, suggesting it’s a sensitive aging marker.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Audiology
Gerontology

Background:

The dichotic digits test (DDT) assesses auditory processing, but age-related changes are not fully understood.
Understanding how DDT performance evolves with age is crucial for clinical and research applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate 5-year changes in free recall and right ear advantage (REA) on the DDT in a population-based cohort.
To identify factors associated with these performance changes in aging individuals.

Main Methods:

Utilized data from the Epidemiology of Hearing Loss Study, including 865 participants (mean age 72.8 at baseline).
Administered free recall DDT with triple-digit pairs at 70 dB HL across two examination periods (5 years apart).
Calculated REA by subtracting left ear scores from right ear scores.

Main Results:

A significant decline in free recall performance was observed in 62.4% of participants over 5 years (p < .01).
Higher baseline scores, hearing impairment, and lower education were associated with increased risk of free recall decline.
A right ear advantage (REA) was common, with 50.6% experiencing REA widening over 5 years (p = .01).
Older age, but not hearing impairment, was linked to increased risk of REA widening.

Conclusions:

Free recall decline was associated with hearing impairment, not age, while REA widening was associated with age, not hearing impairment.
The REA may serve as a more sensitive indicator of central auditory system aging compared to free recall performance.