A NDIR Mid-Infrared Methane Sensor with a Compact Pentahedron Gas-Cell

In order to improve the performance of the large divergence angle mid-infrared source in gas sensing, this paper aims at developing a methane (CH₄) sensor with non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) technology using a compact pentahedron gas-cell. A paraboloid concentrator, two biconvex lenses and five planar mirrors were used to set up the pentahedron structure. The gas cell is endowed with a 170 mm optical path length with a volume of 19.8 mL. The mathematical model of the cross-section and the three-dimension spiral structure of the pentahedron gas-cell were established. The gas-cell was integrated with a mid-infrared light source and a detector as the optical part of the sensor. Concerning the electrical part, a STM32F429 was employed as a microcontroller to generate the driving signal for the IR source, and the signal from the detector was sampled by an analog-to-digital converter. A static volumetric method was employed for the experimental setup, and 20 different concentration CH₄ samples were prepared to study the sensor's evaluation, which revealed a 1σ detection limit of 2.96 parts-per-million (ppm) with a 43 s averaging time.