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Self-Report Tests of Personality01:22

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Self-report inventories are objective personality assessments that use multiple-choice items or numbered scales, typically ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). They are often called Likert scales after Rensis Likert. These inventories are widely used due to their ease of administration and cost-effectiveness. One of the most prominent examples is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), initially developed in the 1940s to assess abnormal personality traits.
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Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy01:26

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Antipsychotic drugs are a crucial treatment method for acute and chronic psychoses, bipolar illness, and behavioral disorders. The selection of these drugs depends on several factors, including the state of the disease, clinical judgment, possible drug interactions, and the patient's sensitivity to adverse effects. In immediate scenarios, such as delirium and dementia, short-term treatment with low doses of high-potency typical or atypical agents can effectively manage symptom exacerbation.
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Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)01:27

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The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) serves as the primary classification system for mental health disorders, providing standardized diagnostic criteria for clinicians and researchers. First published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 1952, the DSM has undergone several revisions to reflect evolving psychiatric understanding. The fifth edition, DSM-5, released in 2013, introduced key updates that expanded diagnostic categories and modified diagnostic...
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The term "psychosis" refers to a spectrum of mental disorders characterized by abnormal thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors. It can manifest as mood disorders, dementia, delirium with psychotic features, substance-induced psychosis with psychotic features, brief psychotic disorder, delusional disorder, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophrenia. Among all these disorders, schizophrenia is the most common psychotic disorder, affecting 1% of the worldwide population. Psychotic...
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The two sources for collecting information are primary and secondary. After gathering information, interpretation and validation help to complete the data. The purpose of assessment is to establish data with the initial information, to interpret data about the patient's perceived needs and health problems, and to respond to these problems identified.
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Brain Morphology of Cannabis Users With or Without Psychosis: A Pilot MRI Study
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Psychiatric assessment.

Filippo Muratori1, Elisa Santocchi1, Sara Calderoni1

  • 1Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Pisa, Italy; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.

Handbook of Clinical Neurology
|September 26, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) frequently experience psychiatric comorbidity (PC). Accurate assessment requires multiple data sources, tailored methods, and validated instruments to identify and manage these co-occurring conditions effectively.

Keywords:
Autism spectrum disordersDSM-5Intellectual disabilityMental healthNeurodevelopmental disordersPsychiatric assessmentPsychiatric comorbidity

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Area of Science:

  • Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Psychiatric Comorbidity

Background:

  • Increased prevalence of psychiatric comorbidity (PC) in neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) is well-documented.
  • Specific NDDs like autism spectrum disorders show high rates of anxiety disorders, while intellectual disability is linked to challenging behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of comprehensive psychiatric assessment in individuals with NDDs.
  • To emphasize the need for tailored assessment strategies and validated instruments for PC in NDDs.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing multiple sources of information from various contexts and methods for psychiatric assessment.
  • Focusing on detecting changes from baseline functioning and employing ad hoc instruments for PC in NDDs.
  • Adapting assessment settings and procedures based on age, developmental level, and sensory sensitivities.

Main Results:

  • Accurate detection of contributing and trigger factors for PC is crucial.
  • Validated screening instruments are needed to identify PCs and differentiate between NDDs.
  • DSM-5 changes necessitate modifications in diagnostic tools for NDDs and associated psychiatric disorders.

Conclusions:

  • Comprehensive, multi-method assessment is essential for PC in NDDs.
  • Development and application of tailored, validated instruments are critical for accurate diagnosis and management.
  • Adaptability in assessment procedures is key to accommodating individual needs within the NDD population.