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Developmental coordination disorder

Maëlle Biotteau1, Jean-Michel Albaret2, Yves Chaix1

  • 1Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, University of Toulouse, INSERM, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France; Pediatric Neurology Unit, Children's Hospital, Toulouse-Purpan University Hospital, Toulouse, France.

Handbook of Clinical Neurology
|September 26, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) impacts children

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Pediatrics
  • Motor Control

Background:

  • Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a neurodevelopmental condition affecting motor execution and learning in children.
  • Children with DCD display varied motor signs, including fine/gross motor deficits, impaired balance, and sensorimotor coordination issues.
  • Prevalence estimates for DCD vary (1.8%-8%) based on diagnostic criteria and standardized motor assessments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize current understanding of Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD).
  • To review proposed etiological hypotheses for DCD.
  • To highlight neuroimaging findings and therapeutic approaches for DCD.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD).
  • Analysis of hypotheses regarding visuospatial, procedural learning, internal modeling, and executive function deficits.
  • Synthesis of findings from scarce neuroimaging studies and meta-analyses of therapeutic interventions.

Main Results:

  • DCD is characterized by difficulties in executing coordinated motor actions and learning new motor tasks.
  • Potential underlying mechanisms include deficits in visuospatial functions, procedural learning, internal modeling, or executive functions.
  • Neuroimaging implicates parietal, frontal, and cerebellar cortices; meta-analyses support task-oriented therapies.

Conclusions:

  • Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) presents with diverse motor challenges impacting children's daily activities.
  • Understanding the neurobiological underpinnings is crucial for targeted interventions.
  • Task-oriented approaches show promise for improving motor performance in children with DCD.

Keywords:
ChildDevelopmental coordination disorderEtiologyPathogenesis Brain substratesTherapy

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