An analytical modeling with experimental validation of bone temperature rise in drilling process

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Orthopedic Surgery
• Thermal Analysis

Background:

• Predicting bone thermal response during surgery is challenging.
• Existing models often use metal machining theory, which doesn't fully capture bone drilling complexity.
• Chip formation in bone drilling is more complex than in metal cutting.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a simplified analytical model for predicting bone temperature during drilling.
• To investigate the influence of cutting energy and friction on bone temperature.
• To experimentally validate the proposed model.

Main Methods:

• Developed a simplified analytical model using a moving heat source and image source methods.
• Modeled heat generation proportional to cutting energy and included tool-hole friction.
• Conducted experimental drilling on pig femur bone at various cutting speeds (2-20 m/min).
• Measured temperature rise, drilling forces, and bone volume fraction.

Main Results:

• The model accurately predicted the temperature rise up to its maximum value.
• The model tended to overestimate bone temperature during the cooling phase.
• Experimental validation confirmed the model's satisfactory performance for temperature increase.
• Parametric study highlighted the influence of thermal boundary conditions and friction.

Conclusions:

• The developed model provides a satisfactory prediction of bone temperature increase during drilling.
• Bone volume fraction significantly influences thermal response and requires further model refinement.
• Future work should incorporate bone volume fraction variations for improved accuracy.